USB N-gun Delivery ngu ai gaw hpa rai ta?- Polinovel

USB Power Delivery (USB PD) ngu ai gaw, USB matut mahkai ai lam hta, jak ni a lapran power htawt sit ai lam hpe bawngban ai, 5 watts kaw nna 240 watts du hkra jaw ya ai charge galaw ai ladat langai rai nga ai. 5V hte 48V lapran hta USB PD gaw voltage hpe n-gun ja ai hku gram lajang ai, smartphone kaw nna tsaw ai{6}}}}} n-gun laptop ni du hkra yawng hpe cable langai sha hku nna charge galaw lu ai.

USB PD a hpang na lamik kumla gaw, lang ai ni law malawng n mu yu ai laklai ai daw lahkawng hta byin nga ai.

Device langai hpe USB PD charger langai mi hta bang dat ai shaloi, USB-}C matut mahkai jak hta lawm ai Configuration Channel (CC) pin ni hpe kalang ta tsun shaga hpang wa ai. Millisecond ni kata kaw, charger wa gaw shi hpa hpe jaw ya lu ai hpe ndau shabra ai, na a device gaw ra ai lam ni hpe htai ya ai. Ndai lata shingjawng ai lam gaw, Power Delivery Objects (PDO) a tara upadi hpe jai lang ai- hpe lang nna, 5V kaw nna charger a grau htum ai atsam du hkra, n-gun atsam lata la mai ai lam ni a menu hpe lang ai.

Shanhte gaw power contract hpe myit hkrum ngut ai hpang, VBUS pin ni hku nna wan n-gun majing gaw lwi pru wa ai. Na a device gaw charge galaw ai lam hpe ayan na yu reng nga ai, ndai kaw lam ni hpaji rawng wa ai shara: na a phone battery gaw nbung katsi wa ai (sh) lithium ion battery charge galaw ai shaloi threshold nkau mi de du wa ai rai yang, mid-session hpe bai bawngban mai ai, cell ni hpe makawp maga na matu n-gun n law ai hpe hpyi shawn ai. charger gaw microsecond kata kaw bai htang nna, shi a pru ai lam hpe gram lajang ai. Ndai back{4}}}and{5}} gaw charge galaw ai aten tup matut manoi nga ai.

PD a matu masat da ai jat bang ai lam ni hta voltage stepping galaw ai: madung jak ni a matu 5V, phone law law a matu 9V, tablet nkau mi a matu 15V, laptop ni a matu 20V. Raitim, PPS hte AVS- zawn re ai tara ni hpe hpang de anhte sawk sagawn na lam ni hpe grau nna n-gun ja ai lam langai ngai a matu ndai rigid structure hpe sawk sagawn na re.

USB Power Delivery

USB PD gaw lani mi hta n pru wa ai. 2012 ning hta shawng ningnan lang na masat da ai lam gaw, dai aten hta rawt malan ai zawn rai nga ai, 60 watts hta n-gun dat dat ai. 2014 ning du wa ai shaloi, USB PD 2.0 gaw dai hpe 100 watts du hkra lahkawng lang jat wa nna, hpang jahtum e laptop charge galaw na matu mai byin ai. Ndai version gaw, dai ni du hkra lang nga ai jak law law lang ai, masat da ai voltage profile ni hpe (5V, 9V, 15V, 20V) hpe shalawm wa ai.

2017 ning hta USB PD 3.0 hpe shapraw ai gaw Programmable Power Supply hpe la sa ya ai majaw, 3.3V hte 21V lapran na 20mV jat ai hta 3.3V hte 21V lapran na voltage hpe hpyi shawn lu ai. Dai hpang 2021 ning hta, USB PD 3.1 gaw Extended Power Range hpe jat bang nna, 240 watts de 28V, 36V, hte 48V lata la mai ai lam ni hku nna, ceiling hpe htingnut shangun ai. Apple a 16-inch MacBook Pro gaw ndai hpe 140W charge galaw ra ai hte shawng nnan lang lang ai jak langai byin wa sai.

Kade nna ai aten hta, USB PD 3.2 gaw 2024 ning October shata hta, ahkang jaw ai hte du wa ai: watts 27 jan hpyi shawn ai jak langai ngai gaw, Standard Power Range a matu, Adjustable Voltage Supply (AVS) hpe ya aten hta madi shadaw ra ai. iPhone 17 series gaw ndai hpe galaw ai shawng nnan na smartphone langai byin wa nna, shanhte a 40W dynamic charge galaw lu ai. 2024 ning October shata kaw nna 2025 ning October shata praw lapran PD 3.2 masat masa hpe lu la ai.

Lithium ion battery charge galaw na matu, lawan ai hte asak galu na matu, hkrak tup ai voltage hte current hpe hkang ra ai. 3.0V lapran hta 3.0V lapran hta 4.2V lapran hta 4.2V lapran hta bungli galaw ai, raitim device law malawng gaw series{3}}}your laptop hta 3S4P hkrang masa (se series hta cell masum, parallel hku nna) 12.6V ra ai 12.6V hpe charge hpring hkra galaw ra ai rai na re.

Ndai shara kaw USB PD a galai shai ai lam gaw ahkyak ai lam byin wa ai. Dynamic voltage hpe gram lajang ai lam n nga yang, charger langai gaw 20V hpe na a battery hparan ai ladat ra ai voltage de galai shai ra na re, n-gun hpe katsi ai zawn jahten kau ra na re. PPS (sh) AVS hte, charger gaw dai laptop battery- a malai 20V a malai 11V hte grau ni htep ai lam langai ngai hpe 15% daram kaw nna 3-5% de shayawm kau lu ai.

Lithium cells ni PPS a atsam marai ni hpe hkum tsup hkra ra ai ngu ai n galai shai ai- current/constsant- hpe charge galaw ai ladat hpe n galai shai ai. Shawng nnan na lawan ai{{3}charge daw hta, PPS gaw voltage rawt jat wa ai shaloi, n galai shai ai current hpe matut manoi tawn da ai. Cell gaw 4.2V de sit sa wa ai shaloi, protocol gaw n galai shai ai voltage de galai mat wa nna, ya aten na tapers ni pru wa ai. Smartphone nkau mi gaw ya shanhte a kata na voltage regulators ni hpe tsep kawp lai di kau ya ai majaw, PD charger hpe battery hpe direct{7}} kaw na Super Fast Charging hpaji masa hpe jai lang nna 99% jan bungli galaw lu ai.

Lithium ion battery charge galaw ai aten hta aten galu hparan ai lam gaw USB PD a bawngban ai atsam kaw na mung akyu nga ai. Battery hparan ai ladat gaw 45℃du lu ai cell ni hpe mu lu yang, kalang ta npu na power hpe hpyi shawn lu ai, moi na thermal hprawng hkawm ai lam ni hpe pat shingdang lu ai.

Programmable Power Supply hte Adjutable Voltage Supply lahkawng yan gaw charge galaw ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw na matu yaw shada ai raitim, shanhte gaw n bung ai hku bungli galaw nna, yaw shada lam n bung ai.

PPS gaw tengman ai{0}} aten hta bungli galaw ai. 20mV lahkam hte 50mA jat ai hta voltage hpe gram lajang ya ai, na a battery a voltage hpe n-gun n rawng ai kaw nna hpring ai de lung wa ai shaloi hkan tam ai. PPS charger langai gaw, na a jak hte ayan matut mahkai ai lam hpe matut manoi galaw nga ai, charge galaw ai aten langai hta, power delivery hpe kalang lang gram lajang ai. Ndai lam gaw smartphone battery ni a matu kaja dik htum byin shangun ai, dai gaw charge curve ting hta hkrak hkrak re ai voltage hte bung ai. PPS gaw 100W hta maxes out galaw nna 5V hte 21V lapran hta bungli galaw ai.

AVS gaw kaga ladat hpe hkan sa ai. 100mV lahkam kaba ni hta voltage hpe gram lajang nna, matut manoi hkan tam ai hta grau nna langai sha re ai- aten (sh) kalang lang bawngban ai lam hpe madung tawn ai. Dai hpe galoi mung gram lajang ai hta grau kaja ai fixed voltage hpe masat da ai ngu myit yu u. AVS gaw 240W- hpe 9V hte 48V lapran hta grau tsaw ai power{5}} hpe madi shadaw ya ai. Sut hpaga-off? Granular control n law ai.

Tatut galaw na matu, PPS gaw smartphone charge galaw na matu grau kaja ai hku naw rai nga ai, hpa majaw nga yang, shi a hkrak ai lam hte tengman ai- aten hpe galai shai ai majaw re. AVS gaw laptop hte monitor ni a matu htoi tu ai raitim, n-gun kaba ra ai raitim, lahkawng ngu na-second galai shai ai lam ni hpe n ra ai. 2025 ning du hkra, Android flagship phone ni hta na 65% daram gaw PPS hpe madi shadaw ai, AVS hpe jai lang ai jak ni hta jai lang ai lam gaw 5% npu kaw naw nga ai, nga nna ChargerLAB chyam dinglik ai jahpan hku nga yang.

27W jan hpyi shawn ai jak ni a matu AVS gaw PD 3.2 hta ra sharawng ai lam byin wa ai shaloi PPS gaw lata la mai ai lam re majaw, myit n hkrum ai lam law wa ai. Na a charger gaw gara hpe tsun dan na matu asan sha masat da ai lam n nga ai, langai, shing nrai, lahkawng yan hpe madi shadaw ya lu na re.

USB PD gaw Power Delivery Objects hpe lang nna atsam marai ni hpe tsun shaga ai, raitim, teng sha jaw ai power gaw maga lahkawng a lapran na bawngban ai lam hta madung nga ai.

100W charger langai gaw, masat da ai PDO 6 hpe ndau shabra mai ai:

5V @ 3A (15W)

9V @ 3A (27W)

15V @ 3A (45W)

20V @ 3A (60W)

20V @ 5A (100W)

PPS APDO gaw 5V-21V @ 5A hpe jaw ya ai.

Na a device gaw ndai menu hpe yu nna, ra ai hpe lata la ai. Phone langai 27W gaw 9V @ 3A hpyi shawn na re. 60W laptop langai mi gaw 20V @ 3A hpe hpyi na re. Ndai device lahkawng yan gaw multi{9}port charger hku nna kalang ta charge galaw ai rai yang, power hpe dynamically hku nna law law lang garan nna, kaga ni hpe plug in galaw ai zawn, matut mahkai ai jak ni bai bawngban ai lam ni lawm ai.

Ndai shara kaw, lam ni gaw lang ai ni hpe myit n pyaw shangun lu ai. Nang gaw na a 100W laptop hpe 100W charger langai mi hta bang nna, hpa majaw loi loi sha charge galaw ai hpe myit yu ai. Mahtai gaw, na a laptop gaw dai charger a PDO list hta n lawm ai, laksan voltage hpawng de ra ai, shing nrai, cable gaw 5A hpe n madi shadaw ai majaw, 60W maximum de du mat na re. Laptop gaw gara profile galaw ai raitim, law malawng 45W (sh) 60W sha rai nga ai.

E{0}} masat da ai cable ni gaw ndai manghkang hpe hparan ya ai. Ndai cable ni hta shawng nnan na lata shingjawng ai aten hta shanhte a atsam marai ni hpe chye ginhka lu ai chip (e{2}}marker langai lawm ai. Dai charger gaw 60W hta jan nna n lu sa ai sha 5A hpe n mai galaw ai. Ndai shimlam lam gaw grai katsi ai hpe pat shingdang ya ai, raitim, na a $5 generic USB-C cable gaw na a charger n re ai sha, bottleneck rai na re ngu ai lachyum re.

USB Power Delivery

USB PD a hpaji rawng dik ai lam langai gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha power jaw nga ai device ni hpe galai shai ya lu ai.

Nang bungli galaw nga ai laman, na a laptop hpe n-gun jaw ai docking station langai hpe sumla hkrung galaw u. Dai sanghpaw daru gaw "source" rai nna, na a laptop gaw "sink" rai nga ai. Marai langai ngai gaw, sanghpaw daru a power cord ntsa de hkawm sa ai rai yang, htunghking hku nna USB gaw, matut mahkai ai drive ni hta, data hpe kalang ta n-gun shayawm kau ya na re. Fast Role Swap (FRS) gaw n-gun yawm mat ai hpe mu lu nna, 150 microsecond kata kaw, lit ni hpe shinggrup kau ya ai. Na a laptop gaw npawt nhpang tai wa nna, ya gaw sanghpaw daru hte shi a peripheral ni hpe shi a battery kaw na power jaw nga ai.

Ndai bidirectional atsam gaw lawan ladan byin wa na masa ni hta lai nna galu kaba wa ai. Laptop hkum nan wall adapter kaw na charge galaw nga ai aten hta pyi, na a phone hpe laptop a battery kaw na charge galaw mai ai. Power bank ni gaw USB-C port langai sha hku nna ahkaw ahkang lu la nna ahkaw ahkang jaw lu ai. Nkau e{4}}}bike battery ni gaw ya USB PD hpe lang nna charge galaw ai shaloi phone hte nhtoi ni hpe kalang ta n-gun jaw ai.

FRS handshake gaw CC pin ni hku nna byin pru wa ai. source langai mi n-gun n nga mat ai shaloi, CC line hpe 60-120 microseconds-aliberate signal, accident n re ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai hku n-gun n jaw ai. Galoi mung yu reng nga ai sink gaw ndai signal hpe rim la nna, kalang ta npawt nhpang nnan tai na matu jaw ai. VBUS voltage 5V npu de n hkrat shi yang, swap ting gaw ngut kre ai, npu na jak ni hpe n-gun n-htum ai sha n-gun n-htum hkra galaw ai.

USB PD hta makawp maga ai lam law law lawm ai, raitim shingra tara gaw hkum tsup ai n re.

PD hpaga lam shagu hta ya aten hta grai makawp maga ai lam lawm ai. Charger gaw, current teng sha kade daram lwi ai hpe yu nna, bawngban da ai shadawn shadang hpe 10% jan jan yang pat kau na re. Overvoltage makawp maga ai lam gaw dai hte maren bungli galaw ai- VBUS gaw myit hkrum da ai voltage hta 10% jan rawt jat wa ai, device lahkawng yan gaw matut mahkai lam hpe dawm kau ra ai.

Temperature sensing gaw lahkawng maga de byin ai. Chargers ni hta 85℃hta n-gun yawm mat na (sh) tsep kawp pat kau na thermistors ni lawm ai. Device ni gaw battery hte charge circuit temperature hpe mung yu reng ai, lam ni grai katsi wa ai shaloi, n-gun yawm ai hpe hpyi shawn ai.

Manghkang gaw? USB-C arung arai ni yawng gaw, masat da ai hpe hkan sa ai n re. Benson Leung a hpung zawn re ai uhpung ni kaw nna shanglawt ai hku chyam dinglik ai lam gaw, shanhte a atsam marai ni hpe tsun dan ai cable ni hpe mu tam ai, ya aten na shadawn sharam hpe madun ra ai pull{2}}up resistors ni hpe n mu lu ai, bawngban hpawng galaw ai shaloi n ngang grin ai voltage ni hpe jaw ya ai charger ni hpe mu lu ai. Ndai out-f{5}}spec arung arai ni gaw device ni hpe hkra machyi shangun ai (sh) n law htum, n-gun n rawng ai (sh) hkrat sum ai charge byin shangun ai.

Masha law malawng chye na ai hta na cable quality gaw ahkyak ai. 2024 ning hta Granite River Labs kaw nna shapraw ai sawk sagawn ai lam langai hta, online gat lawk ni kaw na random USB-C cable 200 hpe chyam yu nna, 38% hkrat sum mat ai wan n-gun hte seng ai lam ni hpe mu lu ai. 100W hpe madi shadaw ai ni hta na 12% gaw, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-nga ai majaw, n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai voltage hpe n-mai tawn da ai majaw, n-gun rawng ai jak ni hta shimlam hpe pat kau ya ai voltage drops ni byin wa ai.

Charger langai a wattage nambat gaw na a device lu la na hpe n re ai sha, shi a grau htum ai atsam hpe tsun dan ai. 65W charger "PD 3.0" gaw na a battery hparan ai ladat hpyi shawn ai lam ni hte n htap htuk ai rai yang, na a laptop hpe 45W sha jaw lu na re.

Ndai lam ni hpe jep yu u:

Voltage jahpan: Kaja ai charger ni gaw shanhte a PDO ni hpe asan sha ka da ai. "5V/3A, 9V/3A, 15V/3A, 20V/3.25A" (sh) dai hte bung ai hpe tam u.

PPS madi shadaw ai lam: Android phone langai mi nga yang, "PPS 5{2}21}21V @ 5A" ngu ai gaw, lawan ai hku charge galaw lu ai atsam hpring tup tsun mayu ai.

AVS a matu tsaw ai{0}} n-gun jak ni: 2024 ning htum wa maga de 27W jan ra ai device ni gaw AVS hpe madi shadaw ra ai, dai majaw "AVS 9-20V" hpe tam u.

masat da ai lam: USB-IF masat masa (TID nambat) gaw, charger hpe hkan sa ai lam hpe chyam dinglik ai lam hpe madi madun ai.

Cable ni a matu, masat kumla ni gaw ahkyak ai. "USB 2.0" gaw 480 Mbps du hkra data lawan ai lam hpe sha hparan lu ai raitim, 240W power delivery-}data hte power ratings ni hpe garan tawn da ai. Yu u:

5Ashing nrai100W+n-gun kaba ai ni hpe masat da ai lam ni hpe masat da ai

E{0}}}amarker chip60W jan ai hpa a matu ra ai

USB-IF masat masa galaw ai(ndai gaw cable ni hta grau n law ai raitim)

Multi-port charger ni gaw yak hkak ai lam ni hpe shabyin ya ai. 100W dual{3}}port charger gaw port langai kaw na 100W, shing nrai 65W 65W jaw mai ai, lahkawng yan active nga ai shaloi. Kaja dik ai ni gaw, dynamic power hpe garan jaw ai, second loi mi shagu matut mahkai ai jak ni hpe jep yu nna, ra ai hku n-gun hpe bai garan jaw ai. Budget model ni gaw 65W 100W charger hpe 65W + 35 n garan jaw na matu 100W charger hta 30W phone langai sha lang ai n-gun n-gun hpe garan jaw ai masing ni hpe lang ai.

No. Power bawngban ai lam gaw device ni hpyi shawn ai hpe sha lu la na matu galaw ya ai. 100W charger langai mi gaw 18W hpe sha madi shadaw ai phone langai hte matut da ai gaw, bawngban ngut ai hpang 18W hkrak hkrak jaw na re. Dai extra capacity gaw n lang ai sha dung nga ai.

USB-C cable yawng hpe madi shadaw ai atsam hpe atsawm n re. Cable ni hpe na a power ra kadawn ai lam ni a matu masat da nna, standard cable ni hte bungli galaw ra ai, raitim 100W hte dai hta jan ai gaw e-marker chip hte 5A-}rated cable ni ra ai. Underrated cable hpe lang ai gaw charge galaw ai atsam hpe shadawn sharam da na (sh) grai katsi na masa nga ai.

Hpa majaw nga yang, dai cable hpe n-gun kaba ai ni a matu n sawn la ai, na a device a battery gaw katsi ai hte shim lum lam a matu throttled charge lawan ai, shing nrai, charger gaw na a device hpyi shawn ai lam ni hpe hkrak hkrak n madi shadaw ai. Device nkau mi gaw screen ntsa (sh) device lang ai shaloi charge speed hpe mung pat shingdang da ai.

USB-C ngu ai gaw, hkum hkrang matut mahkai hkrang hpe tsun mayu ai- hpe kaji ai, nhtang wa mai ai plug hpe tsun mayu ai. USB PD gaw dai matut mahkai lam hku nna lawan ai hku charge galaw lu ai hte n-gun kaba hpe shapraw lu ai matut mahkai ladat re. Nang PD n lawm ai USB-C hpe lu mai ai, raitim USB PD hta USB-C ra ai.

USB Power Delivery

USB PD gaw, madu ai charger ni a drawer hpe yeng seng kau na matu ga sadi jaw ai, dai hpe daw mi sha jaw ya ai. Ya gaw phone, tablet, laptop, hte n-gun ra ai lam ni hte protocol hpe madi shadaw ai lam hpe chye na ai shaloi, charger-a langai kaw na accessories law law hpe charge galaw mai sai.

Raitim, dai specification a galai shai wa ai lam gaw, garan ginhka ai lam nga ai. PPS vs AVS, SPR vs EPR, 27W ngut ai hpang AVS ra sharawng ai lam hpe hkan sa ra ai, galaw shapraw ai ni gaw n htap htuk ai hku galaw shapraw ai ni a lata la ai lam ni hpe n bung ai hku galaw ai. 2020 kaw na jak langai gaw 2025 ning hta "USB PD 3.0" madi shadaw ai ngu tsun tim, 2025 ning na charger hte lawan ai n rai na re.

2024 ning du hkra, jak law malawng hta USB-} hpe ra ai European Union a mandate gaw, lawan ladan hkap la ai raitim, ndai htuk manu ai lam ni hpe mung dan dawng shangun ai. Industry hpung ni gaw ya aten hta grau dan dawng ai masat masa ni hpe shadut nga ai, raitim 2025 ning a shawng daw de, nang gaw madung "fast charge" ngu ai hpe kam ai hta grau nna, tara masa madi shadaw ai lam hpe naw jep yu ra ai.

Lithium ion battery ni nga ai device ni a matu, USB PD gaw, masat da ai-}voltage charge hta grau nna, grai kaja ai hku rawt jat wa ai hpe madi madun ai. Dai protocol gaw source voltage hpe battery ra ai hte ni htep hkra shingdaw lu ai atsam gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai sha, lawan ai hku charge galaw lu shangun ai. PPS hpe hkap la ai lam gaw matut nna jat wa ai shaloi, shawng de madu ai madang ni hpe kam hpa ai mid{4}}}}range Android jak ni hta grau kaba wa nga ai.

Cable gaw n-gun kya ai matut mahkai lam naw rai nga ai. e-marker chips ni gaw USB-C cable yawng a matu ra sharawng ai lam byin wa nna, grau kaja ai hku hkam la ai lam gaw, n-htuk ai n-re ai arung arai ni hpe gat de n shang lu hkra pat shingdang ai, jai lang ai ni gaw, masat da ai lam ni hpe myit maju jung ra ai. "Lam langai sha a matu cable" ngu ai ga sadi gaw teng sha rai nga ai, raitim dai cable gaw USB-IF madang ni hpe teng sha hkan sa ai rai yang she. Rating ni hpe jep yu u, certification hpe tam u, mai byin ai shaloi, na a high- n-gun jak ni hte rau galaw shapraw ai company langai kaw na cable ni hpe lang u.