Lithium hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lam hpa rai ta?- Polinovel

Lithium hpe bai gram lajang mai ai ngu ai gaw, lithium-ion hpaji hpe jai lang nna, charge hte n-gun dat ai lam ni hpe bai kahtap nna, wan n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da nna, shapraw kau ai battery ni hpe tsun mayu ai. Ndai battery ni gaw, graphite anode langai hte magri oxide cathode-yup hku nna, n-gun rawng ai ion lahkawng a lapran na lithium ion ni hpe, kalang lang latsa kaw nna hkying hkum law law bai charge galaw na matu, n-gun rawng ai oxide anode langai mi hpe shamu shamawt shangun ai.

"lithium battery" ngu ai ga si gaw, teng sha nga yang, laklai ai garan ginhka ai lam lahkawng hpe npawt nhpang n bung ai atsam marai ni hte shinggrup da ai. Primary lithium battery ni gaw, galu kaba ai, galu kaba ai n-gun pru ai lam ra ai jak ni a matu galaw da ai, langai sha rai nga ai-} lang ai n-gun npawt nhpang ni rai nga ai. Ndai ni hpe wan hkut hpe sawk sagawn ai ni, pace galaw ai ni, tsan ai shara kaw na hkang ai lam nkau mi hta mu lu na re. Kalang mi htum mat jang, kabai kau nna galai kau ra ai.

Lithium-ion (sh) Li{1}}ion battery ni hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lithium battery ni gaw, kaga hpaji masa langai hpe tsep kawp madi madun ai. Madung shai hkat ai lam gaw shanhte a chemical reactions ni hpe bai gram lajang ai lam hta rai nga ai. Na a phone (sh) laptop hpe charge galaw na matu bang dat ai shaloi, lithium ions ni gaw cathode kaw nna anode de bai htawt sit nna, hpang de lang na matu n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Ndai lahkawng lang na ion lwi ai lam gaw, n-gun bai jat mai ai lithium hpaji hpe shi a lang mai ai shingjawng ai ni hte garan ginhka ai.

Lithium n-gun hpe jai lang ai jak yawng gaw, bai gram lajang mai ai battery ni hpe n hkap la lu ai. Voltage a arawn alai ni gaw 3.0V hpe n-gun jaw ai, bai charge galaw mai ai lithium-ion cell ni gaw 3.6-3.7V hpe jaw ya ai. Ndai voltage shai hkat ai lam gaw, device hte htuk manu ai lam hpe n jep yu ai sha, kaga langai a matu langai hpe sha galai shai kau lu na n re ngu ai lachyum re.

Lithium Rechargeable

Dai hta n-ga, n-gun bai jat mai ai lithium battery shagu hta, atsawm sha gram lajang da ai, ahkyak ai daw mali hpe atsawm sha galaw da ai. graphite kaw na galaw ai anode gaw, n kaja ai electrode hku nna galaw ai. Dai cathode- gaw, lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), shing nrai, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) zawn re ai kaja ai electrode{3}} hpe lang ai. Ndai electrode ni a lapran hta, lithium sau ni lawm ai liquid electrolyte hpe lwi shangun nna, porous garan ginhka ai gaw, ion hpe lai shangun ai shaloi, anode hte cathode lapran hkrak matut mahkai ai lam hpe pat shingdang ya ai.

Hka pru ai aten hta, lithium ions ni gaw anode hpe tawn da nna, electrolyte hku nna cathode de sa wa ai. Dai hte rau, electron ni gaw na a jak a circuit hku nna lwi pru wa nna, nang ra ai wan n-gun hpe jaw ya ai. Dai garan ginhka ai wa gaw, hkrit tsang hpa kadun ai circuit hpe n shabyin ai sha, na a jak hku nna, lam galu hpe hkan sa na matu shadut ya ai.

Recharging gaw ndai lam yawng hpe bai nhtang wa shangun ai. Nang charger hpe matut mahkai ai shaloi, wan n-gun gaw cathode kaw na lithium ions hpe anode de bai nhtang wa shangun ai. ions ni gaw shanhte a npawt nhpang shara ni de bai nhtang wa nna, hpang na discharge cycle a matu jin jin rai nga ma ai. Ndai bai nhtang wa mai ai intercalation- gaw, ndai battery ni hpe lachyum shaleng ya ai, bai gram lajang mai ai lam hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lam hpe, electrode layer-enables lapran hta bang na matu, hpaji masa ga si ni hpe tsun dan ai.

Battery Management System (BMS) gaw ndai lam galaw ai aten hta battery a bawnu hku nna bungli galaw nga ai. Ndai electronic control unit gaw cell voltage, nbung katsi ai lam, ya aten na hka lim ai lam ni hpe matut manoi yu nga ai. Dai gaw, cell ni 4.2V de du ai shaloi, charge circuit hpe daw kau ai hku nna, grai law hkra charge galaw ai hpe pat shingdang ya ai (lithium-ion law malawng a matu, madang tsaw dik htum). Dai hta n-ga, ya aten na mahkawng da ai ni kaw na magri hpe yeng seng kau ya ai hku nna, battery hpe prat tup hkra machyi shangun ai over{5} n-gun n-gun hpe mung makawp maga ya ai.

Rechargeable lithium hpaji gaw monolithic- n bung ai chemistries ni gaw shanhte a laksan bungli galaw ai atsam ni hpe madung tawn nna n bung ai application ni hpe galaw ya ai.

Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)battery ni gaw shawng nnan na portable electronics ni hpe uphkang nna, smartphone law malawng hte laptop ni hpe naw n-gun jaw nga ai. Shanhte gaw 200{{2}2}260 Whi/kg de du hkra n-gun atsam ni hpe jaw ya ai majaw, hkum hkrang n-gun hpe hkam sha lu ai jai lang na matu grai kaja ai. Raitim, shanhte gaw kaga ladat ni hta n-gun n law ai hte 500-1000 charge cycle ni hpe n-gun jaw ai.

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP).battery ni gaw n-gun atsam nkau mi hpe sak jaw kau ai (100-180 Whi/kg) gaw mau hpa shim lum lam hte asak galu na matu re. Shanhte a ngang grin ai crystal structure gaw thermal hprawng ai hpe ninghkap ai, shanhte gaw 80% n-gun hpe n hkrat sum shi yang 2000-5000 cycle ni hpe ayan na lu la ai. Wan jak mawdaw ni hte n-gun n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai gaw, ndai chemistry hpe grau nna madi shadaw ya ai raitim, n-gun n law ai raitim (3.2V nominal hte LCO a matu 3.7V).

Lithium Polymer (LiPo)Batteries ni gaw gel- zawn re ai (sh) n-gun ja ai polymer electrolyte hpe lang ai. Ndai lam gaw, jak hkrang ni hte htap htuk ai n-gun n rawng ai hka htung ni hta n-gun rawng ai packaging ni hpe galaw ya lu ai. Slim smartphone, tablet, hte n-gun grai ahkyak ai mawdaw ni hta radio{3}} hpe hkang ai mawdaw ni hta mu lu na re. Shanhte gaw 1000-2000 cycle ni hpe jaw ai.

Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC)battery ni gaw n-gun atsam (150{3}}222 Whi/kg), n-gun atsam, hte asak hkrung lam (1000-2000 cycle) hpe rap ra hkra galaw ai. Ndai versatility gaw shanhte hpe wan jak mawdaw ni hta masha ni ra sharawng shangun ai, dai shara hta galaw shapraw ai ni gaw mawdaw hkrang shapraw ra ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna n-gun atsam (sh) n-gun atsam hpe ahkyak shatai nna, nickel-manganese-cobalt ratio hpe tune galaw lu ai.

Lithium battery prat hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lam hpe hpa gaw dawdan ya ai hpe chye na na matu, battery ni hpe gara hku teng sha jai lang ai hpe asan sha chye na ra ai.

Battery a 100% hpe lang ai shaloi, charge cycle byin ai, raitim, matut manoi n-gun langai mi hta n ra ai. Lani mi hta 50% hte 50% hpe lang nna hpang na jahpan hpe hkum tsup ai cycle langai hku nna lang ai. High{5}} manu dan ai cylindrical cell battery ni- gaw AA battery ni hte bung ai raitim, grau kaba ai-can gaw 3000{12}}500 cycle ni hpe jaw ya ai, n-gun n-gun 80% de n-gun n yawm shi yang, 3000-500 cycle ni hpe jaw ya ai. Prismatic cells (flat, rectangular) gaw, 1000-2000 ning laman, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai.

Ndai jahpan ni gaw, manu jahpu hpe hkrak hkra galaw ai ladat ni hpe sawn la ai. Hkum tsup ai hku n-gun yawm mat ai- tengman ai hku nna, bai kahtap nna pru wa ai hte shingdaw yang, battery a prat hpe jat ya ai. Dai ni na aten na lithium battery ni gaw, moi na nickel-cadmium battery ni hpe hkrit tsang shangun ai "memory effect" hpe n hkam sha ai majaw, gara aten hta raitim, bungli galaw ai lam hpe tara jeyang ai lam n galaw ai sha, bai gram lajang mai ai.

Temperature gaw kalang ta galaw lu ai atsam hte galu kaba ai- aten galu hpe grai hkra machyi shangun ai. Degree (68℃F) a malai 40℃(104℃F) hta bungli galaw ai gaw, asak yawng hpe 40% shayawm ya lu ai. Katsi ai nbung laru gaw prat tup hkra machyi ai lam n byin shangun ai sha, 20℃hta n-gun hpring hpring hpe jaw ya lu ai atsam hpe aten kadun laman shayawm ya lu ai.

N-gun masa ni mung ahkyak ai. Hka lum ai aten hta grau lawan ai hku tawn da ai charge hpring ai battery. 40-50% capacity de charge galaw nna, katsi ai shara ni hta battery ni hpe tawn da na matu, galaw shapraw ai ni gaw hpaji jaw ma ai. 40% charge hta 25℃(77℃F) hta bang da ai battery gaw laning mi na ai hpang 96% n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-nga hkra tawn da lu nna, 40℃(104℃F) hta 35% daram charge hpring hkra tawn da lu na re.

Rechargeable lithium battery ni gaw laklai ai prat dep hpaji masa hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, jai lang ai lam langai hte langai gaw hpaji masa a laklai ai atsam ningja ni hpe jai lang ma ai.

Hpaga galaw ai ni a matu jai lang ai ni{0}}Smartphone, laptop, tablet, hte wireless earbuds ni yawng gaw lithium hpaji jaw ai n-gun atsam kaba ai hta madung nga ai. Dai ni na aten na smartphone battery langai gaw 10-15 Wh hpe credit card hta kaji ai shara langai mi de bang da ai, moi na battery chemistries ni hte n mai byin ai lam langai mi. Ndai jak ni gaw LCO (sh) NMC chemistry hpe n-gun n law ai shara hta grau law hkra lang na matu lang ma ai.

Electric mawdaw ni{0}}Mungdan mawdaw hpaga lam gaw lithium battery ni hpe hkap la sai, 2024 ning du hkra mungkan ting EV battery ra ai lam gaw shaning shagu 1 terawatt a 1 jan ra ai. EV law malawng gaw NMC (sh) LFP battery ni hpe lang ai. NMC gaw grau galu ai shara ni a matu n-gun grau law ai hpe jaw ya ai, LFP gaw grau kaja ai shimlam n-gun hte calendar prat hpe grau jaw ya ai. Wan jak mawdaw ni a matu battery pack ni hta 50-100 kWh n-gun hpe shinggyin la na matu rau jawm galaw ai wan hku law ai cell ni lawm ai.

N-gun atsam arung arai ni{0}} Lai wa sai 15 ning laman, nickel-}cadmium kaw nna lithium hpaji masa de galai shai wa ai n-gun n-gun n-nga ai jak ni, saw ni, hte kaga n-gun n-gun n-nga ai jak ni. Dai hta grau tsaw ai voltage (18V (sh) 20V system vs{6}V NiCd a matu) hte power density gaw, cord n lawm ai sha professional-grade galaw lu ai atsam hpe lu la shangun ai. Ndai application ni gaw, n-gun law ai draws hte battery ni hpe stress galaw ai majaw, galaw shapraw ai ni gaw NMC (sh) tsaw ai{9}}}} n-gun jaw ai LFP chemistry hpe lang ma ai.

N-gun rawng ai ladat ni… Residential system ni gaw LFP chemistry hpe lang nna, n-gun grau law ai hta grau nna shim lum lam hte asak galu ai lam hpe ahkyak shatai nna galaw ai. 2023 ning du hkra, lithium-ion battery ni gaw 190+ gigawatt hta na 80% jan hpe shinggyin la lu ai.

Tsi Sara Kaba{0}} Pace galaw ai ni hte insulin pump zawn re ai n-gun rawng ai jak ni hta kam hpa mai ai hte galu kaba ai-}lasting lahkawng yan hpe ra sharawng ai battery ni ra ai. Nkau mi gaw 10+ ning tup masat da ai primary lithium cell ni hpe lang ma ai, shinggan na htaw sa mai ai arung arai ni gaw machyi masha ni a matu shim lum ai hte grup yin akyu a matu rechargeable lithium hpe grau grau jai lang wa ai.

Lithium Rechargeable

Kaga battery amyu myu hte grai shai ai, shanhte a laksan voltage hte ya aten na ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe chye na ra ai.

Standard lithium-ion chemistry hta 4.2V de charge galaw ra ai, voltage hpe hkrak hkra hkang lu ai. Dai zawn re ai masa gaw, 4.2V du hkra, n galai shai ai{{4} ya lusha (CC) gaw, n-gun n rawng ai current hpe jaw ya ai, dai hpang, ya aten na voltage hpe n-gun n rawng ai sha, 4.2V du hkra, n-gun n rawng ai current hpe jaw ya ai. Charging gaw ya aten na battery a n-gun 3-5% daram de hkrat sum mat ai shaloi ngut kre ai.

Kaga battery amyu myu a matu galaw da ai charger ni hpe tsep kawp n mai lang ai. Lead-}acid charger ni gaw lithium battery ni hpe jahten kau lu ai voltage tsaw ai pulses ni hpe bang ya ai. Dai hte maren, nickel{{3}cadmium (sh) nickel-} n-gun rawng ai hka leng ni gaw lithium chemistry hte n htap htuk ai voltage profile ni hpe lang ma ai. Lithium{-ion battery ni a matu laksan galaw da ai charger hpe galoi mung lang u, kaja dik htum gaw na a battery a laksan chemistry hte bung ai.

Lawan ai hku charge galaw lu ai atsam gaw grai kaja wa sai. Shawng na lithium battery ni gaw charge galaw na matu hkying hkum 3{8}}4 ra ai raitim, dai ni na aten na cell ni gaw, grau kaja ai electrode hkrang ni hpe hkam la lu ai, 1C du hkra charge rate hpe hkap la lu ai (hkying hkum mi hta kalang lang capacity) (sh) dai hta jan ai. Ya aten hta wan jak mawdaw nkau mi gaw 350kW DC lawan ai hku charge galaw ai hpe madi shadaw ya nna, minit 10 laman100+ mile ni hpe jat bang ya ai. Raitim, lawan ai hku charge galaw ai gaw, n-gun yawm ai hte shingdaw yang, hten za ai lam hpe grau lawan shangun nna, dai gaw shim lum ai- ni galu kaba wa ai lam hpe byin shangun ai.

BMS gaw charge galaw ai shaloi, multi{0}}cell packs ni hta langai hkrai a cell voltage ni hpe yu nna, ahkyak ai lit nga ai. N bung ai lam ni hpe galaw shapraw ai gaw cell ni galoi mung n bung ai hpe tsun mayu ai re majaw, BMS gaw cell yawng hpe cell balancing ngu ai ladat hku nna maren mara charge galaw ya ai. Ndai lam gaw, cell langai hpe mung, n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai (sh) n-gun n-rawng ai n-gun n-nga hkra pat shingdang ya ai, dai gaw, pack atsam hpe shayawm ya lu nna, shimlam hte seng ai lam ni hpe mung shabyin ya lu ai.

Recharge galaw mai ai lithium battery ni gaw, hkrak hkra hkrang shapraw nna jai lang ai shaloi, yawng shim lum ai raitim, shanhte a n-gun atsam grai law ai gaw, hkrat sum ai lam ni gaw mau hpa rai chye ai.

Thermal hprawng ai lam gaw, shimlam hte seng ai madung lam hpe madi madun ai. Kata na nbung katsi ai lam gaw 80-90℃hta grau rawt jat wa ai majaw, kata na short short, galaw shapraw ai n kaja ai lam ni, shing nrai shinggan na hkra machyi ai lam ni a majaw, tinang hkum hpe bai gram lajang ai lam byin hpang wa lu na re. Katsi ai gaw electrolyte hpe jahten kau ya nna, katsi ai hte gas grau law hkra shapraw ya ai majaw, wan (sh) hka lim mat chye ai. Dai ni na aten na battery ni hta shimlam a matu ra kadawn ai lam law law nga ai- kaw na htingnut ai lam ni, thermal fuse ni, hte grai kungkyang ai BMS makawp maga lam ni lawm ai-ndai mabyin masa hpe pat shingdang na matu.

Lithium battery ni hpe hkum hkrang hkra machyi ai lam gaw grai sawng ai hkrit tsang hpa ni hpe shabyin ya ai. Cell langai hpe puncturing galaw ai gaw, kalang ta nbung n-gun hte kata na short circuit hpe byin shangun chye ai. Crushing (sh) bending pouch cell ni gaw garan ginhka ai hpe hkra machyi shangun nna, electrode hpe hkrak hkra matut mahkai lu ai. Galoi mung dan dawng ai hku hkra machyi ai battery ni hpe hkum lang, masat da ai bai jai lang ai shara ni hta dai ni hpe atsawm sha kabai kau u.

Overcharge hte over- gaw, n kaja ai battery lahkawng yan hpe garan nna, hkrit tsang hpa ni hpe shabyin ya ai. 4.2V ntsa de (sh) n-nan ai chemistries nkau mi a matu 4.35V hta hkan nna, n-gun n-gun hpe shayawm kau ya lu nna, anode ntsa hta lithium hpe n-gun jaw ya lu ai majaw, garan ginhka ai wa hpe n-gun ja shangun lu ai dendrite ni hpe shabyin ya lu ai. Cell langai hta 2.5V daram lawu de discharge galaw ai gaw, ya aten na mahkawng da ai ni kaw na magri hpe yeng seng kau ya lu ai, prat tup n-gun hpe shayawm ya lu ai hte, kata na short short short short risks ni hpe shabyin ya lu ai.

Wan hkru ai arung arai ni hte tsan ai katsi ai shara ni hta battery ni hpe tawn da u. 60℃(140℃F) jan ai nbung laru ni hpe galoi mung hkum shadan u, nbung laru aten hta katsi ai mawdaw ni hta battery ni hpe tawn da na hpe koi nga u. Hkamja lam hpe htawt sit ai lam a matu, tara ni gaw lithium-ion battery ni hpe laksan shinggyin la lu na matu laksan shinggyin la lu na matu hte n-gun nkau mi a ntsa e nbungli htaw sa na matu masat da ai hkrit tsang hpa arung arai ni hku nna masat da ai.

N rai, lithium-ion chemistry a matu laksan galaw da ai charger langai mi ra ai. Ndai charger ni gaw voltage hpe cell langai hta 4.2V de hkrak hkrak hkang nna, n galai shai ai current kaw nna, n galai shai ai voltage charge de galai kau ai. Lead-}mung (sh) nickel- kaw na battery ni a matu yaw shada ai charger ni hpe lang ai gaw lithium battery ni hpe hkra machyi shangun nna, shim lum lam hpe hkra machyi shangun chye ai.

Quality lithium-ion battery ni gaw, chemistry hte lang ai masa hta hkan nna, 1000-5000 tup manu jahpu hpe jaw ya ai. Calendar hku tsun ga nga yang, 3-10 ning tup magam gun na hpe myit mada u. LiFePO4 chemistry gaw 3000-5000 ning laman hta galu dik htum ai cycle prat hpe jaw ya ai, standard lithium cobalt oxide gaw n-gun n law ai sha 500-1000 cycle ni hpe jaw ya ai.

Lithium battery yawng gaw hkring sa ai aten hta pyi n ra sharawng ai chemical reaction ni a majaw calendar asak kaba wa ai. Ndai hkrat sum ai lam hpe grai katsi ai shara (sh) charge hpring ai shara ni hta tawn da ai gaw lawan ladan byin wa ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, 40-50% du hkra charge galaw nna, katsi ai shara hta tawn da u. Battery hpe atsawm sha shinggyin tawn da ai gaw laning mi na ai hpang 95% jan n-gun hpe n-gun jaw lu ai.

Ndai garan ginhka ai lam gaw masha law law hpe myit ru myit tsang shangun nga ai.Lithium battery hpe gara hku ka da ai kun?law malawng gaw metallic lithium hpe lang nna, shawng nnan na (n-non{0}} rechargeable) cell ni hpe tsun mayu ai. Lithium-ion battery ni hpe bai gram lajang mai ai rai nna, electrode arung arai ni kata kaw bang da ai ionic hkrang hta n-gun rawng ai lithium n lawm ai. Ndai amyu lahkawng hpe n bung ai voltage ni hte kata na chemistry ni a majaw galai shai mai ai n re.

Lithium Rechargeable

Lithium battery hpaji hpe bai gram lajang mai ai. S solid- mungdan a electrolytes ni hpe sawk sagawn ai shaloi, wan n-gun grau law ai hte shim lum ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw na matu ga sadi jaw ai. Silicon anode ni gaw htunghking graphite hta 30{5}}40% jat wa lu ai. Lithium-sulfur chemistry gaw hpang jahtum e 500 Wh/kg jan ai n-gun atsam ni hpe jaw ya lu ai, ya aten na hpaji masa lahkawng ngu na daram rai nga ai.

Ndai battery ni gaw anhte wan n-gun hpe gara hku tawn da nna jai lang ai hpe npawt nhpang hku nna galai shai kau ya sai. Pocket- n-gun rawng ai phone ni kaw nna grid-scale hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lithium hpaji masa ni gaw, dai ni na aten na mobile hte bai gram lajang mai ai- n-gun jaw ai sak hkrung lam ni hpe galaw ya lu ai. Ndai hpaji masa gaw n-gun atsam law ai, manu jahpu n law ai, bai gram lajang mai ai lam ni hpe kayau kaya hpawng de da ai majaw, n dang hti ai jai lang ai lam ni hta n-gun atsam hpe shinggyin la lu ai ladat hpe n-gun jaw ya ai. Hpaga lam hpe matut nna jat wa nna, tsi ladat nnan ni pru wa ai hte maren, bai gram lajang mai ai lithium battery ni gaw anhte a jak ni hte mawdaw ni hpe shaning tsa lam hku n-gun jaw na zawn rai nga ai.