Polypropylene gaw hpa rai ta?- Polinovel

Na a jahpawt na yogurt hka htung kaw nna na a mawdaw kata na dashboard du hkra yawng hpe gara hku n-gun jaw ai kun? Polypropylene gaw, dai ni na aten na hpaga lam a galai shai mai ai hparan ladat langai hku nna tsap nga ai, shani shagu na shim lum ai lam hte hpaga lam-grade galaw ai lam lapran na garan ginhka ai lam hpe shingdaw yu ai. Ndai thermoplastic polymer gaw anhte gara hku shinggyin, galaw shapraw, makawp maga ai lam ni hpe mungkan sut masa lam shagu hta gara hku shinggyin tawn, galaw shapraw, makawp maga ai lam ni hpe atsin sha rawt malan wa sai.

Polypropylene (PP) ngu ai gaw, n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai n-gun n-gun n-gun (propylene monomers-}simple hydrocarbon molecule ni a polymerization hku nna galaw da ai thermoplastic polymer langai mi rai nga ai. Kalang lang katsi nna katsi mat ai shaloi, n-gun yawm mat ai arung arai ni hte n bung ai sha, polypropylene gaw, nbung laru law law hku nna, shi a hkrang masa hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, ndai gaw, thermoplastic dinghku kata hta shi hpe garan ginhka ai arawn alai langai mi rai nga ai.

Dai arung arai gaw, sau hpe gram lajang ai lam ni kaw na pru wa nna, dai hpang, catalytic reactions hku nna, galu kaba ai polymer chain ni de galai shai mat wa ai. Ndai shingkyit ni gaw, n-gun n rawng ai shara ni hte rau hpawng de nga ai, n-gun n rawng ai shara ni hte rau nga nga ai semi-crytalline structure hta shanhte hkum shanhte hkyen lajang nga ma ai. Ndai molecular architecture gaw polypropylene hpe shi a n-gun ja ai lam hte n-gun n-gun hpe rap ra hkra galaw ya ai-a hpe kayau kaya galaw ya ai majaw, mungkan ting hta galaw shapraw ai lahkawng ngu na law dik htum plastic byin tai wa ai, galaw shapraw ai n-gun hta polyethylene hpe sha hkan nang ai.

Polypropylene a chemical formula, (C3H6)n gaw, langai hte langai matut mahkai da ai, bai kahtap nna, bai kahtap nna, n-gun dat ni hpe bai kahtap nna, n-gun jaw ai lam ni hpe madi madun ai., application langai ngai a matu hkrak hkrak engineering galaw mai ai chain ni hpe galaw ai. Dai arai gaw, hpraw ai (sh) translucent solid hku nna, shi a san seng ai hku nna dan dawng nga ai, raitim, galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, shi a hkrang hpe galai shai na matu hte, laklai ai atsam marai ni hpe jat wa na matu, pigments hte additives ni hpe ayan bang ma ai.

Madung amyu masum gaw hpaga lam hpe uphkang ai: homopolymers ni gaw propylene unit ni hte sha lawm nna, n-gun ja ai lam hte tsi mawan ni hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam kaba dik htum hpe jaw ya ai. Random copolymers ni gaw ethylene loi mi hpe bang da ai, asan sha chye na hkra galaw ra ai lam ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai. Block copolymers ni gaw, propylene hte ethylene- hpe n bung ai ginra ni hpe madun dan nna, standard polypropylene gaw n-gun yawm mat ai shara ni hta, npu na nbung laru ni hta, grau nna n-gun ja ai hkra machyi ai lam hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hpe jaw ya ai.

Crude sau kaw nna ngut sai polypropylene de galaw shapraw ai hkrun lam gaw, shaning tsa lam hku nna, arung arai hpaji rawt jat galu kaba wa ai aten hta gyin shalat da ai, grai kungkyang ai tsi ladat ni hpe jai lang nga ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun n rawng ai sau gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sau ni hpe garan nna, hka ja ai shara kaw nna, hka ja ai shara ni kaw nna hpang wa ai. Ndai shawng nnan na garan ginhka ai lam kaw na Propylene gas pru wa ai, raitim, polymerization n galaw shi yang, grau nna san seng ai lam ra ai.

Catalyst system lahkawng gaw dai ni na aten na galaw shapraw ai lam hpe uphkang nga ai:Ziegler- Natta catalysts, 1950 ning daram hta Karl Ziegler hte Giulio Natta (1963 ning hta Chemistry mare na Nobel kumhpa lu ai) hte polymer htingnu gawgap ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra hkang lu na matu, n-gun nnan ni hpe n-gun jaw lu ai. Ndai masa ni a lapran na lata la ai lam gaw, hpang jahtum na arung arai ni a molecular weight garan ginhka ai lam, crystallinity madang, jahtum e shi a hkum hkrang atsam ni hpe shadut ya ai.

Gas-}phase polymerization gaw, madung galaw shapraw ai ladat masum kaw na langai hpe madi madun ai. Ndai ladat hta, san seng ai propylene gas ni gaw, gas hka htung kata hta, catalyst particle ni hpe shinggrup da ai, hka lim ai yupku reactor hku nna lwi pru wa ai. Nbung laru gaw 70℃hte 100 lapran rai nna, nbung laru gaw nbung 1 hte 20 lapran sha nga ai. Propylene molecules ni gaw catalyst surface hpe matut mahkai ai shaloi, shanhte gaw lawan ladan matut mahkai nna, n-gun n rawng ai gas kaw na garan ginhka ai polymer powder hpe cyclone separator ni hku nna garan ginhka ai. Ndai powder hpe dai hpang, n-gun n rawng ai hku galaw nna, htaw sa na matu loi ai hku galaw ai.

Slurry galaw ai lam ni gaw, n-gun n rawng ai hte rawt jat wa nga ai polymer chain ni hpe jahkring kau na matu, ntsin hydrocarbon solvent ni hpe jai lang ai. Spherpol galaw ai lam, ndai hpaga lam ting hta grai lang ai, n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai ni hku nna, propylene, ethylene, hte hydrogen ni hpe shinggrup da ai. Polymer particles ni gaw hka n garan ai sha, hka n htum shi yang, liquid medium kata kaw tu kaba wa ai. Ndai ladat gaw grai kaja ai nbung hpe shapraw kau lu ai atsam ni hpe jaw ya ai, exothermic polymerization reaction hpe hkang lu na matu ahkyak ai.

Bulk process ni gaw, shi a liquid state hta, n-gun n rawng ai, grup yin hpe hkra machyi ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai hte, san seng ai lam hpe asan sha galaw ya ai. Dai ni na prat na shara ni gaw, ndai ladat hpe homopolymer galaw shapraw na matu grau grau ra sharawng wa ai, dai shara hta solvents n nga ai gaw, galaw shapraw ai lam hpe grau hkrak hkra galaw ya nna, n kaja ai lam ni hpe shayawm kau ya ai.

2024 ning hta, mungkan ting galaw shapraw ai lam gaw, 2024 ning hta, metric ton wan 70 jan hpe shapraw lu ai.

Polypropylene

Ndai arung arai a hpaga lam awng dang ai lam gaw, kaga ladat ni hte shingdaw mai ai manu hte maren sha mai byin ai, bungli galaw ai atsam marai ni hpe laksan kayau kaya galaw ai kaw na pru wa ai re.Chemical ninghkap ai lam gaw polypropylene a manu dan dik htum ai atsam ningja ni hta rank nga ai- polymer gaw, shingjawng hkat ai arung arai law law hpe jahten kau ya lu ai organic solvents, acid, alkaline hparan ladat ni hpe hkam sha lu ai hpe hkam sharang lu ai. Ndai hkam sharang ai atsam gaw, san seng ai arung arai ni, tsi mawan ni, bungli galaw ai shara ni hpe shinggyin tawn na matu n mai malap ai.

Shanhte a grup yin kaw na hka hpe hkap la ai arung arai ni hte n bung ai sha, polypropylene gaw hka hta n mai lang ai. Laboratory chyam dinglik ai lam ni gaw, hkying hkum 24 tup lup mat ai hpang, 0.01% npu na n-gun hpe hkam la lu ai lam hpe madun dan ai, ndai gaw hka lim ai shara ni hta arung arai ni a prat hpe jat ya ai hte tsi tsi ai lam hta n-gun n rawng ai lam hpe asan sha galaw ya ai. Tsi mawan galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, 121℃hta bai lang ai autoclave cycle ni hpe hkam sharang ra ai, bai lang mai ai tsi ladat ni hte laboratory arung arai ni hpe galaw shapraw ai shaloi, ndai arawn alai hpe jai lang ma ai.

Ndai arung arai gaw, n-gun n law ai raitim, mau hpa jak rung n-gun hpe madun dan ai. 0.91 g/cm3 daram density hte, polypropylene gaw hka hta lwi nga ai sha n-ga, 4,800 psi grup yin hta n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun jaw ai. Ndai n-gun- to n-gun gaw mawdaw galaw ai lam hta grau nna manu dan ai hpe sakse madun ai, dai shara hta kilogram shagu hpe shaw kau ai shaloi wan sau n-gun hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai. Laksan mawdaw langai hta, bumpers hte battery case ni kaw nna, kata na trim panel ni du hkra, polypropylene a daw 15-20 kg hpe bang da ai.

Fatigue hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam gaw, thermoplastic law law hta lai nna, polypropylene hpe n-gun jaw ya ai.. Dai lam gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun ja ai daw ni hpe matut mahkai ya ai, n-gun ja ai daw ni hpe n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai sha, kalang lang n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai hku galaw lu ai. Kalang lang hpaw nna hpaw ai hku nna naw matut mahkai nga ai bottle caps ni gaw ndai sutgan hpe kasi madun nna, bungli galaw ai lam hpe matut manoi galaw nga ai shaloi, litter hpe shayawm ya ai.

Shi a polyethylene cousins ni a lapran na polypropylene hpe n-gun jaw ai lam ni nga ai. Dai arai a hka lim ai shara gaw, crystallinity hte formulation hta hkan nna, 160℃kaw nna 171℃du hkra rai nga ai, grau law ai-density polyethylene a 130-137℃range hta grau law ai. Ndai n-gun ja ai hka lim ai shara gaw, katsi ai-fill packaging galaw ai lam ni, microwave-safe malu masha ni, mawdaw a daw ni hpe engine katsi ai hte hkrum katut ai lam ni hpe ahkang jaw ai.

Cost a akyu gaw polypropylene a manu dan ai lam hpe ngut kre shangun ai. Raw material manu gaw, n-gun langai hta $0.30 kaw nna $0.40 du hkra rai nna, kaga plastic ni hte sut masa lam hta shingjawng lu ai sha n-ga, application law law hta grau kaja ai bungli galaw lu ai. Processing efficiency gaw kaga akyu langai mi hpe jat ya ai-polypropylene a n-gun n law ai melt viscosity gaw, tsi htu ai aten hta loi loi hte lwi lu ai, cycle aten hpe shayawm ya lu ai hte n-gun lang ai aten hpe shayawm ya lu ai.

Packaging application ni gaw, mungkan ting na polypropylene galaw shapraw ai hta 30% daram hpe jai lang ai, dai gaw, dai ni na aten na garan gachyan ai lam ni hta, arung arai ni a shara shagu hpe madi madun ai jahpan rai nga ai. Lusha galaw ai ni gaw, yogurt hka htung ni, margarine hka htung ni, microwaveable meal tray ni a matu polypropylene hpe ra sharawng ma ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai gaw, n-gun n-gun shayawm ai lam hku nna, freezer hpe shinggyin tawn ai kaw na nbung katsi ai hpe hkam sharang lu ai shaloi, malu masha matut mahkai na matu FDA ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe hkan sa ai majaw re.

Flexible polypropylene sumla hkrung ni gaw malu masha, hpun palawng ni, kani nanghpam lu sha ni hpe makawp maga ya ai ., cellophane hte waxed paper hpe application law law hta galai kau ai. Ndai sumla hkrung ni gaw, grau kaja ai hka n-gun hpe jaw ya ai rai nna, galaw shapraw na matu manu n law ai. Woven polypropylene gaw hkai lu hkai sha ai arung arai ni, gawgap ai arung arai ni, hte arung arai law law a matu n-gun ja ai shingkyit ni hpe galaw ya nna, 80-100 grams sha n-gun rawng ai sha, hkaulan mam (sh) cement 50 kg hpe htaw lu ai.

Mawdaw hpaga lam gaw polypropylene a lahkawng ngu na- n kaba dik ai gat lawk hpe madi madun ai rai nna, 20% daram sha galaw shapraw ai. Mawdaw galaw ai ni gaw, dai ni na mawdaw ni hta, dai arai ni hpe bang da ma ai: bumper system ni gaw, polypropylene a hkra machyi ai lam hpe hkap la lu ai atsam ni hpe jai lang ma ai; kata na chyinghka panel ni hte dashboard daw ni gaw shi a hkrang nsam hte ntsa na n-gun hpe jai lang ai; battery case ni hta corrosive electrolytes ni hpe shim lum ai hku nna mawdaw a n-gun hpe shayawm ya ai; carpet backing gaw tsaw ai-}tra ai shara ni a matu ngang grin ai hte stain hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam jaw ya ai.

European mawdaw dut ai company langai gaw, steel battery tray ni hpe polypropylene de galai shai ai lam hpe 40% shayawm ya ai sha n-ga, galaw shapraw ai manu hpe 25% shayawm ya ai, dai gaw madung bungli galaw ai lam hta lai nna, dai arung arai a sut masa akyu ni hpe madun dan ai.

Tsi mawan hte tsi mawan ni hpe jai lang ai shaloi, polypropylene a laklai ai n-gun n-gun, n-gup n-gu n-gun n-rawng ai, manu jahpu a akyu hpe ra sharawng ai.Dispos lang mai ai syringe ni, nsam rawng ai ntsin htung ni, sau sau ni, hte n-gun rawng ai jak ni yawng hpe polypropylene lang ai .hpa majaw nga yang, dai arung arai gaw n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai, gamma radiation, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai hpe hkam sharang lu ai. Tsi mawan galaw shapraw ai company kaba langai gaw, shanhte a polypropylene surgical tray ni hkam sharang nga ai hpe sadi hkrup nna, n-gun n rawng ai sha, galai shai ai manu hpe shayawm ya ai sha n-ga, n-gun n rawng ai hpe n-gun jaw ai.

Laboratory lang ai lam ni gaw, chyam dinglik ai lam ni, pipette tips ni, microplates ni lawm ai. Dai arung arai a protein n law ai gaw, shinggyim nga pra masa sawk sagawn ai lam a matu ahkyak ai lam hpe sakse madun nga ai, dai shara hta sample awu asin byin ai lam gaw mahtai ni hpe hkra machyi shangun chye ai.

Textile hte fiber lang ai lam ni gaw polypropylene hpe geotextiles kaw nna hka lim ai lam hpe hkang lu ai arung arai ni de galai shai ya nna, hkum hkrang kaw na hka lim mat ai activewear hpun palawng ni de galai shai kau ya ai. Polypropylene sumri gaw panglai hta jai lang ai lam ni hpe uphkang nga ai- hka npu na arung arai ni a n-gun gaw hka ntsa de hkrat sum mat yang n hkrat sum na hka ntsa e lwi nga ai sumri ni hpe galaw ya ai. Panglai hka jaw ai company langai gaw, 3 ning tup hka htung hka hpe n-gun dat dat ai hpang, shanhte a n-gun atsam hta na 90% hpe, 90% daram hkam la lu ai hpe mu lu ai, shingra tara fiber kaga ladat ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw lu ai.

Consumer arung arai ni gaw anhte hpe polypropylene hte shinggrup da ai: n dang hti ai dishwasher cycle ni hpe lai di lu ai bai lang mai ai malu masha shinggyin tawn ai hka htung ni; n-gun n law ai gun rai ni hpe hkam sharang lu ai; nbung laru hte UV hten za ai hpe ninghkap ai sun arung arai ni; carpet fibers ni gaw, n-gup magap ni hpe n-gup magap tsaw ai-}}}} ni a hpaga yumga galaw ai shara ni hta gang je kau ai. E{2}}commerce packaging company langai mi gaw, shanhte a shawng na polyethylene bags ni hte shingdaw yang, 60% shayawm ai lam hpe tsun dan ai, polypropylene mailer bag ni de, nau nna ai aten hta galai shai wa sai.

Myit yu hpa gaw, portable power solutions ni a matu rawt jat wa ai gat lawk gaw, product casings ni hta n-gun n law ai, ngang grin ai arung arai ni hpe ra sharawng ai lam law wa ai. Aten elithium battery ni hpe bai gram lajang mai aihte grai kaja ai n-gun atsam hpe jaw ya ai, ndai battery pack ni a matu makawp maga ai nta ni gaw, shi a tsi mawan ni hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hte hkra machyi ai lam hpe makawp maga ai atsam ni a majaw, polypropylene hpe grau grau jai lang wa ai, hpaga lam shagu hta arung arai hpaji rawt jat lam ni gara hku hpawng de wa ai hpe madun dan ai.

Material lata ai lam gaw, laksan jai lang ra ai lam ni hpe ninghkap ai lam law law hpe maram masam ai lam lawm nna, polypropylene a shingjawng ai lam gaw, dai hte seng ai polymers ni hte hkrak shingdaw ai hku nna asan sha byin wa ai.Polyethylene (PE) gaw polypropylene hte grai ni htep ai hku hkau lam hte law dik htum ai kaga ladat hku nna magam gun nga ai., bung ai chemical structure ni hpe garan gachyan ai raitim, ahkyak ai bungli galaw ai shara ni hta garan ginhka ai.

Temperature hpe hkam sharang ai lam gaw ahkyak dik htum ai shai hkat ai lam hpe madi madun ai. Polypropylene gaw 160-171℃du hkra npawt nhpang n-gun hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, n-gun kaba ai-density polyethylene gaw 130℃grup yin hta n-gun yawm mat ai. Ndai 30-40℃akyu gaw, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun shayawm ya lu ai polyethylene a daw ni hpe shayawm ya lu ai application ni hpe hpaw ya ai. Dai hte maren, polyethylene gaw 0℃npu na nbung katsi ai shara ni hta n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, dai shara hta polypropylene gaw n-gun n-gun n-nga ai majaw, PE hpe freezer hpe shinggyin tawn da ai hka htung ni hte katsi ai shara shinggan na jai lang ai lam ni a matu grau ra sharawng ai.

Chemical ninghkap ai lam gaw, n-gun madun ai lam law malawng hta polypropylene hpe ra sharawng ai. Polymer lahkawng yan gaw acid hte base law law hpe ninghkap nga ai raitim, polypropylene gaw hpang jahtum e polyethylene hpe jahten kau na organic solvent ni hte aten galu matut mahkai lu ai. Industrial chemical storage tank ni hta ndai akyu hpe madun dan ai-polypropylene sanghpaw ni hta, polyethylene hkrat sum ai shaloi, manu grau hpu ai arung arai ni ra ai hka hte jasan jaseng ai arung arai ni hpe shim lum ai hku madun dan ai.

Ndai arung arai ni a lapran hta asan sha hte asan sha chye na ai lam ni grai shai hkat nga ai. Polyethylene gaw mu lu na matu htuk manu ai optical clarity hpe lu la mai ai, polypropylene gaw hkaulan mam ntsin hte bung ai translucency de sha du wa ai. Food packaging designer ni gaw, arung arai ni hpe mu lu ai lam ni gaw, mari na matu dawdan ai lam ni hpe shadut ya ai shaloi, polyethylene hpe lata la ma ai, dai gaw, asan sha chye na ai lam n law ai application ni a matu polypropylene hpe tawn da ai.

Cost hpe myit yu ai lam ni gaw, polypropylene hpe loi mi ra sharawng ai, manu dan ai lam ni hpe $0.02-$0.05 hpe pawng mi hta ra sharawng ai. Wan hku law ai-pound galaw shapraw ai lam gaw, ndai loi mi shai hkat ai lam gaw, lachyum rawng ai gumhpraw mahkawng da ai lam de du wa ai. Processing arawn alai ni hpe jat bang ai gaw, kaga sut masa lam-polypropylene a npu na melt viscosity hpe jat ya ai.

Polystyrene (PS) gaw n-gun ja ai lam hte asan sha chye na ai lam ni hpe jaw ya ai raitim, polypropylene a hkra machyi ai lam hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hte katsi ai hpe hkam sharang lu ai atsam n nga ai.. Packaging engineer langai tsun dan ai hta, polystyrene hka htung hpe jahkrat kau ai gaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam byin shangun ai, dai hte maren sha polypropylene hka htung ni gaw, n hkra ai sha, n-gun rawng ai. Ndai n-gun ja ai akyu gaw, arung arai a prat hpe jat ya nna, n-gun n rawng ai hku hparan ai lam ni hpe shayawm ya ai.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gaw grai kaja ai tsi mawan ni hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hte nbung laru hpe ngang grin hkra galaw ya lu ai raitim, grup yin hpe myit tsang ai lam ni hpe grau grau jat wa shangun ai majaw, polypropylene hpe kaga ladat langai hku nna grau grau ra sharawng wa ai. European dut mari ai ni law law gaw, PVC arung arai ni a matu polypropylene packaging hpe galai shai na matu hkang da ai, dai hpe chlorine- npawt tawn ai chemistry n lawm ai arung arai ni a matu jai lang ai ni a ra sharawng ai lam ni a majaw re.

Nylon hte kaga engineering polymers ni gaw n-gun hte nbung katsi ai hpe ninghkap lu ai daram polypropylene hpe lai di lu tim, 2-4 lang grau manu dan ai. Component designer ni gaw ndai premium arung arai ni hpe polypropylene a sutgan ni n law ai hpe sakse madun ai shaloi she jai lang ma ai, manu grau tsaw ai application ni a matu manu grau hpu ai ladat ni hpe tawn da ai.

Polypropylene

Dai arung arai a hpaji masa hpe chye na ai gaw, jai lang ai lam langai ngai a matu chye da ai lata la ai lam hpe galaw ya lu ai. Mechanical atsam ni gaw polypropylene a hkrang masa hpe npawt nhpang tawn da ya ai.Tensile n-gun gaw, grade hte processing masa hta hkan nna, 4,500 kaw nna 6,000 psi du hkra rai nga ai.. Ndai n-gun gaw, arung arai ni hpe shayawm ai shaloi, hkam sharang ai lam hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, n-gun n law ai- hpe n-gun jaw ya lu ai.

Flexural modulus, n-gun n-gun ni a npu e n-gun n-gun hpe shadawn ai, 150,000 hte 250,000 psi lapran hta masat da ai madang ni a matu hkrat sum mat ai. Ndai rigidity gaw structural application ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai sha n-ga, n-gun n rawng ai sha hkra machyi ai lam ni hpe hkam la lu na matu, n-gun rawng ai lam ni hpe ahkang jaw ai. , n-gun n rawng ai n-gun gaw, 0.5{9}1.0 ft du hkra 0.5{9}1.0 ft du hkra, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun yawm wa ai hte, 0.3-0.5 ft-lb/in 0℃hta hkrat sum mat ai shara de, n-gun grau grau law wa ai.

Hkring sa ai aten hta, n hkrat sum shi yang, arung arai kade daram galu wa ai hpe madun dan ai, grade hta hkan nna 100% kaw nna 600% du hkra rai nga ai. Elongation grade ni gaw, ductility ra ai application ni hta jai lang ai lam hpe mu lu ai, dai ni gaw, hkrung nga ai hinges ni hte galai shai ai packaging sumla hkrung ni zawn re ai ni hpe mu lu ai.

Thermal arawn alai gaw polypropylene a bungli galaw ai envelope hpe tsun dan ai. Dai glass galai shai ai lam gaw 0℃makau e nga ai, molecular chains ni gaw shamu shamawt ai lam lu la ai lamu ga jarit hpe masat da ai. Melting gaw, hkrak tup ai shara hta n-gun rawng ai, hpaga lam hte seng ai masat masa ni gaw, 160℃hte 171℃lapran na peak htum mat ai hpe madun ai, laklai ai scanning calories hku nna.

100-110℃hpe masat da ai madang ni a matu matut manoi hkam la lu ai, raitim, laksan masat masa ni gaw ndai hpe 130℃de jat ya lu ai. Lawu na -20℃, polypropylene grade law malawng gaw kam mai ai jak rung bungli galaw ai lam a matu grai n-gun n rawng mat ai, raitim, copolymers hte rubber-modified variants ni gaw n-gun n law ai n-gun ja ai lam hpe jat ya ai.

Thermal jat wa ai coefficients ni gaw, magri hte kaga plastic law law hta grau law ai., 8-10 × 10⁻/℃daram . Designer ni gaw, nbung laru galai shai ai lam ni hte hkrum katut ai polypropylene daw ni hpe tsun dan ai shaloi, ndai jat wa ai lam hpe jahpan tawn da ra ai, dai gaw, n-gun n-gun hpe pat shingdang na matu, ra ai clearances ni hpe bang da ai.

Wan n-gun atsam gaw polypropylene hpe grai kaja ai insulator langai hku nna tawn da ai. Volume n-gun n-gun gaw 1010 hta jan nna, dielectric n-gun gaw 700 volts/mil de du wa ai. Ndai arawn alai ni gaw wan n-gun, cable insulation, capacitor sumla hkrung ni hta jai lang ai lam ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai. 0.001 npu na dissipation factor manu ni gaw, n-gun n law ai hpe madun ai, raitim, dai arung arai gaw, n-gun n law ai manu jahpu ni hpe shinggyin la lu ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai additives ni hpe ra sharawng ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni gaw manghkang ni hpe byin shangun ai.

Optical properties ni gaw, asan sha chye na ra ai application ni hta polypropylene a akyu hpe pat shingdang da ai. 1.49 grup yin hte n-gun rawng ai crystallinity gaw asan sha n-ga, asan sha n-ga, n-gun rawng ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai. Surface gloss hpe processing hku nna hkang lu ai, tsaw ai{3}}gloss injection ni kaw nna, matte extruded film ni du hkra.

Barrier properties ni gaw, bungli galaw ai lam hpe kayau kaya madun dan ai. Polypropylene gaw hka hpe atsawm sha pat kau ya ai raitim, hka n-gun hpe n-gun dat dat ai lam hpe n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai hpe madun dan ai. Gas permeability gaw barrier polymer law law hta jan ai majaw, n-gun n law ai oxygen hpe n-gun n jaw ra ai application ni hta jai lang ai lam hpe pat shingdang ai lam n nga ai.

Hkrunlam ni hpe galaw ai gaw, polypropylene a thermoplastic shingra tara hpe madun dan ai. 200-280℃hta hkan nna, n-gun dat ni hpe n-gun jaw na matu, n-gun n rawng ai nbung katsi ai lam ni hpe hpaji jaw ai. 20-80℃lapran na nbung katsi ai lam gaw crystallization rate hte hpang jahtum na daw ni hpe shadut ya ai. Stabisers ni hpe galaw ai gaw, nbung laru law law lang byin ai aten hta, nbung laru hte oxidative hten za ai lam hpe makawp maga ya ai.

Application lata ai lam hta, manu jahpu, galaw sa wa ai lam, hte jahtum- hpe myit yu ai shaloi, bungli galaw ra ai lam ni hpe hkan nna, shingdaw ai arung arai ni a arung arai ni hpe ra ai.Polypropylene gaw, tsi mawan ni hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam, hka n-gun n-rawng ai, n-gun yawm ai lam hpe hkam sharang lu ai atsam ra ai shaloi, kaja dik ai lata la ai lam hku nna pru wa ai.manu jahpu hkam sha ai lam hte n-gun n law ai nbung katsi ai shara ni hta.

Chemical hpe shinggyin tawn da ai hte hparan ai lam ni gaw polypropylene a galu kaba ai ninghkap ai lam kaw na akyu lu la ai. Polypropylene tank ni, hka htung ni, hka htung ni hpe garan ginhka u:

Non{0}} kaw na gaw, nta kata na nbung katsi ai shara hta, n-gun jaw ai (sullinic, hydrochloric, phosphoric)

60℃du hkra sodium hydroxide lawm ai Alkaline hparan ladat ni lawm ai.

N-gun ja ai oxidizer hte manam pyaw ai baw ni hta lai nna, organic hka htung law malawng

San seng ai arung arai ni, hka htung ni, hkai lu hkai sha ai tsi ni

50% sodium hydroxide lawm ai polypropylene hka htung ni a matu 15 ning tup magam bungli prat hpe ka da ai tsi mawan galaw ai company langai mi, matut manoi chemical ni hpe matut manoi hkam sha ai raitim, n law htum hkrat sum ai lam hpe jep joi ai lam ni galaw ai.

Lusha hte matut mahkai na matu hpyi shawn ai lam ni gaw, polypropylene a FDA a myit hkrum ai lam, katsi ai hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam, hka n-gun hpe pat shingdang ai atsam ni hpe jai lang ai. Polypropylene a matu myit yu u:

Microwaveable hka htung ni hta 120℃atsam ra ai

Hot- hpe hka lum ai shara hta 85℃jan ai shara ni hta bang da ai.

Freezer- hpe +120℃du hkra -20℃galu ai hku galaw na matu

Dishwasher- sau ai hka htung ni

Single- daw mi hpe daw jau ai gawm ni, yogurt hka htung ni, margarine hka htung ni

Tsi hte laboratory ni gaw polypropylene a sterilization hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hte n law htum shaw la lu ai atsam ni hpe jai lang ai. Hkrang shapraw na:

Bai lang mai ai tsi ladat ni hpe bai lang ai autoclave cycles ni ra ai

N-gun n rawng ai tsi mawan ni hpe jai lang mai ai (syringes, specimen gawm, tsi htu ai tsi ni)

Laboratory plasticware ni hpe n-gun dat n-gun rawng ai

Diagnostic chyam dinglik ai lam ni hpe dimensional stability ra ai

134℃hku nna100+ hpe autoclave cycles hku nna, shanhte a polypropylene tray ni gaw, 70% manu jahpu shayawm ai hta, magri tray ni a ngang grin ai lam hpe shingdaw ai hku nna, dimensional hkam sharang ai lam hpe hkam sharang lu ai atsam hpe tsun dan ai.

Automotive components ni gaw polypropylene a n-gun- hpe n-gun hte hkra machyi ai lam hpe hkam la ai lam hpe jai lang ai. Bungli galaw u:

N-gun atsam hpe hkam la ai lam hte ngang kang ai lam hpe kayau kaya galaw ai n-gun n rawng ai masa ni

Kata na trim panel ni hpe n-gun rawng ai hte ntsa kaw na htum hkra galaw ra ai

Battery hte tray ni hta tsi mawan ni hpe ninghkap lu na matu ra ai

120℃du hkra nbung katsi ai lam ni hpe hkam sha ai lam ni a npu hta .

Packaging application ni gaw polypropylene sha ai lam hpe uphkang ai, hpa majaw nga yang, arung arai ni gaw sut masa hte makawp maga ai lam hpe rap ra hkra galaw ya ai. Polypropylene hpe lata u:

Moistture pat shingdang ai atsam ni gaw gas barrier hta grau ahkyak ai hpe sakse madun nga ai

Hkrang nsam ni hpe asan sha n tsun ai sha, asan sha tsun ra ai lam ni hpe ahkang jaw ai

Hkrung nga ai hings (sh) galai shai mai ai arung arai ni gaw packaging hkrang shapraw ai lam hta lawm ai

Cost targets ni gaw sut masa lam hte seng ai arung arai ni hpe ra ai hte hkrak hkrak galaw ra ai.

130-170℃hta katsi ai hpe pat da ai gaw package hpe pat kau na matu loi ai

Textile hte fiber lang ai lam ni gaw polypropylene a hka n-gun hpe n-gun n rawng ai, n-gun n rawng ai, ngang grin ai lam ni hpe jai lang ai. Myit yu ai lam ni gaw:

Hka lim ai lam hpe hparan ai shamu shamawt ai lam ni gaw shalan shabran lam hpe shabyin ya ai

Hkamja lam hte seng ai hpaga yumga shara ni hta, npu kaw na-}}}}}} ai ni a hkrang sumla hpe madun da ai

Geotextiles ni gaw hka lim ai lam hpe hkang lu na matu hte lamu ga hpe ngang grin hkra galaw na matu

Hka n hkap la lu ai hka ntsa e lwi nga ai sumri ra ai hka lam

Application ni ra ai shaloi polypropylene hpe koi ga:

110℃hta matut manoi hkam sha ai lam(standard grades) shing nrai 130℃(hpa n-gun-sstabilized grades)

-10℃npu na bungli galaw ai lamn-gun n rawng ai- hpe hkrang shapraw da ai copolymers ni

Optical hku asan sha chye na ai lamyu na matu yu na matu{0}}}through packaging (sh) lens ni

Shinggan UV hkam sha ai lamUV stabilizers n lawm ai sha (shata 6-12 laman n hkring n sa PP hkrat sum ai lam ni)

Adhesive hte shingjawng ai(polypropylene a non{0}}}polar ntsa gaw, n-gup n-ga n-ga ai sha, adhesive law malawng hpe ninghkap lu ai)

n-gun kaba ai atsam marai ni2019 ning hta .

Dimensional stabilityhkrak hkrak jai lang ai lam ni hta (thermal jat wa ai lam kaba gaw dimensional galai shai ai lam ni hpe shabyin ya ai)

Ndai pat shingdang ai lam ni hpe hkan sa ai shaloi, kaga arung arai ni ra kadawn wa ai. Polyethylene gaw sub-zero nbung laru hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai; polycarbonate gaw myi man hpe asan sha chye na shangun ai; polyethylene terephthalate (PET) gaw grau kaja ai gas hpe jaw ya ai; hte engineer galaw da ai thermoplastics ni gaw matut manoi lang ai nbung hpe grau law hkra jaw ya ai.

Polypropylene gaw, single-use hte bai lang mai ai application lahkawng yan hta, lusha langai sha hpe hkrak sha matut mahkai na matu FDA a myit hkrum ai lam hpe matut manoi tawn da ai. Dai lam hta, hkamja lam madi shadaw ai ni hpe myit tsang shangun ai, bispenol{{2}A), phthalates, shing nrai kaga endocrine- a n-gun n rawng ai n-gun n rawng ai lam ni lawm ai. Toxicological sawk sagawn ai lam ni hta, shinggyim masha ni lang ai masa hta, n kaja ai arung arai ni hpe grai ahkyak ai hku htawt sit ai lam n nga ai. Raitim, n-gun jaw da ai nbung katsi ai lam ni a ntsa hta polypropylene hpe katsi shangun ai gaw, arung arai ni hpe jahten kau ya lu ai majaw, jai lang ai ni gaw microwave hte dishwasher lang na matu galaw shapraw ai lam ni hpe hkan sa ra ai.

Polypropylene gaw bai jai lang ai code #5 hpe gun hpai nna, mahkawng da ai, garan ginhka ai, jasan jaseng ai, n-gun ja ai, hka lim ai, hte n-gun nnan ni hpe gram lajang ai hku nna, jak hte bai jai lang mai ai. Ndai lam gaw akyu rawng ai atsam marai ni hpe n-gun jaw ai shaloi, bai jai lang ai lam law law hpe hkam sharang lu ai, raitim, jak rung bungli galaw ai lam gaw, cycle langai hte langai hta loi loi hte yawm mat wa ai. Kaga plastic ni kaw na awu asin byin ai lam gaw, bai jai lang ai lam hpe yak hkak shangun ai majaw, manu jahpu hpe jat ya ai garan ginhka ai ladat ni ra ai. Industry hpe bai jai lang ai lam gaw ginra law malawng hta 1-3% daram rai nna, aluminum hte PET plastic bai jai lang ai lam ni hta grau npu de nga ai.

UV radiation hte hkrum katut ai shaloi, n-gun n rawng ai polypropylene gaw lawan ladan hkrat sum mat nna, shata mi laman hta n-gun n rawng mat nna, nsam nsam nsam nsam nsam nsam nsam nsam nsam galai mat ai. Raitim, UV stabilizer packages ni gaw shinggan prat hpe 5{3}}10 de jat wa shangun ai. Carbon black gaw nsam hpraw ai nsam hpe hkam sharang lu ai application ni a matu manu jahpu n law ai UV makawp maga lam hpe jaw ya ai. HALS (hindered amine light stabilizer) gaw shinggan na arung arai ni, ginsup shara ni, mawdaw shinggan na nsam ni a matu nsam rawng ai polypropylene arung arai ni hpe galaw ya lu ai.

Common hkrat sum ai lam ni hta, chemical n-gun hte rau, chemical n-gun hte rau grup yin a n-gun yawm wa ai lam, n-gun n law ai shara ni hta hkra machyi ai lam ni, n-gun n law ai shara ni hta hkra machyi ai lam, hpaji jaw da ai magam bungli nbung katsi ai kaw na thermal degradation, shinggan jai lang ai lam ni hta UV hten za ai lam ni lawm ai. Htap htuk ai arung arai lata ai lam, daw mi hkrang shapraw ai lam, bungli galaw ai masa hpe hkang ai lam gaw ndai hkrat sum ai lam ni hpe shayawm kau ya ai.

Pure polypropylene resin gaw, n-gun n rawng ai carbon hte hydrogen atom ni hpe sha lawm ai. Hpang jahtum na arung arai ni hta, application ra ai lam ni hta hkan nna, galaw shapraw ai arung arai ni, nsam ni, UV stabilizers, wan n-gun shayawm ai tsi ni, shing nrai kaga bungli galaw ai additives ni lawm chye ai. Regulatory hkan sa ai lam hte shimlam hte seng ai jahpan laika ni hta, gara additives ni hpe ka da ai. Food-}} n-gun jaw ai lam hte tsi hpaji- kaw na polypropylene hpe grai sawng ai hku chyam dinglik ai lam ni hpe galaw nna, yaw shada ai jai lang na matu shim lum lam hpe hkam la lu na re.

Polypropylene

Polypropylene gaw mungkan hta lahkawng ngu na- hpe shapraw ai plastic hku masat da ai., shaning shagu galaw shapraw ai metric ton wan 70 jan hte, mungkan ting na galaw shapraw ai n-gun hta polyethylene hpe sha hkan nang ai sha n-ga, grau kaja ai katsi ai hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hte chemical htuk manu ai lam ni hpe jaw ya ai.

Dai arung arai a thermoplastic shingra tara gaw, nbung laru law law hte gram lajang ai lam ni hpe galaw ya lu ai.ahkyak ai sutgan ni hpe jahten sharun ai lam n nga ai sha, n-gun rawng ai hku bai jai lang ai lam ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai hte, n-gun rawng ai n-gun, n-gun rawng ai, n-gun n-gun ni hpe n-gun jaw ai lam ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai.

Acid, bases, hte organic solvent ni hpe n-gun n-gun hte ninghkap lu ai atsam gaw, polypropylene hpe kaga ladat ni hte garan ginhka ai., bungli galaw ai shara kaw na tsi mawan ni hpe shinggyin tawn da ai, san seng ai arung arai ni hpe san seng hkra galaw ai, laboratory arung arai ni a matu n mai malap ai hku galaw ai shara ni hta, arung arai ni hte htuk manu ai lam gaw grai ahkyak ai hpe sakse madun dan ai.

Application ni gaw, mawdaw a daw ni (20%) hku nna, packaging (30% galaw shapraw ai lam a galaw shapraw ai lam) kaw na pru wa ai.tsi mawan ni, hpun palawng ni, hte jai lang ai arung arai ni hpe, hpaga lam langai hte langai gaw, kaga arung arai ni hte shingdaw mai ai manu jahpu ni hta n mai htuk ai, laksan sut masa akyu ni hpe jai lang nga ai.

Gat ni hte gat lawk ni - Ma ni a gat lawk ni hpe sawk sagawn ai lam {Https://www.marketsandmarkets.

American Chemistry Council - Plastics hpaga lam galaw shapraw ai jahpan - https://ww.amerricanchemistry.com

FDA Lusha hte matut mahkai ai lam ni hpe ka da ai lam ni - N-gun n-gun n-rawng ai lam ni hpe hkan sa ai lam - https://www.fda.gov/lusha a matu/lu sha/{5} lu sha-} hpe hkan sa ai lam ni hpe .

Hkrang shapraw ai hpaji ninghkring ni a shinggyim nga pra masa - Thermoplastic arung arai ni a jahpan - https://www.4spe.4.org

European Plastic ni hpe galai shai ai ni - hpaga lam hpe madi shadaw ai shiga 2024 - https://ww.plasticsconsconverters.eu

1990 ning

Automotive Engineering Mungkan - n-gun ja ai arung arai ni a jahpan - https://www.sae.org/sharin/laika/magazine/automineing-nengineering