Battery capacity Degrad Mechanism Hpa nga ai kun?
Arung arai ni hpe galai shai ai lam
Ya aten hta grau nna jai lang ai cathode arung arai ni hta madung hku nna LiMn2O4 a spinel structure, LiFePO4 a olivine structure hpe madung hku nna LiMO2 a hexagonal layered structure (M=Co, Ni, Mn, Mn ni lawm ai. Hpa mi rai rai, cathode kaw na lithium ions ni gaw, dai arai hta wan n-gun hpe makawp maga na matu, n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai valence state de n mai koi yen ai sha, n-gun rawng ai masa de du hkra, n mai koi yen ai sha, n-gun rawng ai lam hpe n mai koi gam ai sha, n-gun rawng ai lam hpe galai shai ai lam hte rau rai nga ai. Phase galai shai ai lam ni gaw, phase shift ni hpe law law lang byin shangun ai majaw, lithium ions ni gaw, dai arung arai hta matut manoi shada da matut mahkai nna, n-gun n rawng mat ai majaw, phase galai shai ai lam matut manoi nga ai, aten galu hta, crystal stability hpe hkrit tsang hpa byin shangun na re. Anode hte shingdaw yu yang, phase shifts ni a majaw byin pru wa ai n bung ai bai nhtang wa lu ai atsam hte cathode material a law malawng galai shai ai lam ni gaw battery prat hpe grai hkra machyi shangun ai. Graphite hta layered structure nga ai. Layer law law n-gun ja ai shaloi, lithium ions ni gaw battery charge galaw ai shaloi, interlayer ni de shang nna, shinggan circuit kaw na htawt sit ai electron ni hte hpawng de nna, lithiated graphite hpe hpaw ya ai, ndai aten hta interlayer spacing gaw grau law wa ai; hka pru ai aten hta, lithium ions ni gaw graphite interlayer ni hpe tawn da nna, shinggan na circuit de electron ni hpe dat dat ai, deintercalation hte oxidation reaction byin wa ai, ndai aten hta interlayer spacing gaw yawm mat wa ai.
Active Material hpe garan jaw ai lam
Cathode material hpe yeng seng kau ai gaw, electrolyte kata na n-gun n rawng ai majaw, active material gaw loi loi hte yawm mat ai lam hpe tsun mayu ai. Cathode material hpe nbung katsi ai shara ni hta garan kachyan ai lam gaw battery n-gun yawm wa ai lam langai mi rai nga ai, grau nna nbung katsi ai shara ni hta battery ni a cycle a bungli galaw ai lam hte shinggyin tawn da ai lam hpe grau nna hkra machyi shangun ai lam langai mi rai nga ai. Masa nkau mi a npu e galai shai ai n-gun ni hpe yeng seng kau ai lam gaw LiMO2 cathode arung arai yawng hta nga ai manghkang langai mi rai nga ai. Active material hpe yeng seng kau ai lam a madung lam gaw, battery galaw ai lam hpe hkra machyi shangun ai lam a madung lam ni rai nga ai: $\\textled{1}$ Metal elements ni hpe hpaw kau ai majaw, active material hpe shayawm kau ai majaw, battery a n-gun yawm mat ai; $\\text circledled{2}$ Cathode a arai ni hpe yeng seng kau ai gaw, n-gun n rawng ai arung arai ni hpe jahten kau ya nna, n-gun n rawng ai arung arai ni byin pru wa ai majaw, electrode arung arai ni hta lithium ions hpe htawt sit ai lam hpe pat shingdang nga ai; $\\text circleled(3}$ Electrolyte hta lawm ai solvated metal ions ni gaw, n-gun n law ai npu hta, n-gun n rawng ai npu hta, electrolyte kata na anode de anode de bang nna, anode ntsa na n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai sha, anode ntsa na SEI sumla hkrung a ngang grin ai lam hte n-gun hpe n-mai koi gam ai majaw, n-gun n-gun hpe hkra machyi shangun ai majaw, electrode ntsa n-gun jat wa ai hte, battery kata na n-gun hpe grau jat wa shangun ai. Dai majaw, active material hpe garan kau ai a akyu gaw, electrolyte ntsa e sha n-ga, galai shai ai n-gun ni hpe yeng seng kau ai majaw byin pru wa ai grau nna n kaja ai akyu ni kaw na mung pru wa ai.
Lithium Ions hpe sha ai
Lithium-ion battery ni hpe hkrang shapraw ai hta, battery a atsam gaw, cathode hta loi mi grau law ai, bai jai lang mai ai lithium ions ni hpe mung, cathode kaw nna jaw ya ai. Dai majaw, cathode hte anode lapran na lithium ion ni hpe bai gram lajang mai ai lam hte n-gun n rawng ai lam ni gaw battery n-gun hpe dawdan ya ai. Shawng nnan na charge hte discharge galaw ai aten hta, anode ntsa kaw SEI film langai mi hpe hpaw da ai. Ndai passivation film a madung daw ni gaw, Li2CO3, LiF, Li2O, LiOH zawn re ai n-gun n rawng ai arung arai amyu myu hte ROCO2Li, ROLi, hte (ROCO2)2Li zawn re ai n-gun rawng ai arung arai amyu myu rai nga ai. Shing rai, lithium ions nkau mi hpe sha kau ai, ndai atsam yawm mat ai gaw n mai nhtang wa ai. Anode a hkrang shapraw ai lam gaw SEI sumla hkrung a hkrang masa hte ngang grin ai lam hte grai matut mahkai nga ai, anode ntsa kaw ngang grin ai SEI sumla hkrung langai hpe hpaw lu ai atsam gaw non{12}} n-gun rawng ai battery ni hpe hkra machyi shangun ai. SEI film byin pru wa ai gaw battery hta shadawn sharam sha nga ai lithium ions hpe sha kau ya ai. SEI film gaw cycle laman matut manoi hkra machyi ai rai yang, anode/electrolyte interface kaw na oxidation reaction gaw SEI sumla hkrung nnan langai byin tai wa na matu matut manoi byin wa na re. Ndai ladat gaw, hka htung kata na cathode jaw ai shadawn sharam lithium ion ni hpe jai lang nna, active lithium ions ni hpe shayawm ai gaw, n-gun yawm wa shangun ai. Electrolyte hta lithium ions hpe shayawm ai majaw, electrolyte a n-gun yawm mat nna, cathode a arai ni hta lithium ions ni sum mat ai majaw, battery a electrode lahkawng a lapran n bung ai lam byin wa ai.
Mungdan kata na ninghkap ai lam hta jat wa na
Battery hpe galu ai- aten ladaw hta cycle jawn ai aten hta, kata na ninghkap ai lam law wa ai gaw, n-gun yawm wa na matu ahkyak ai lam langai mung rai nga ai. Dai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam lahkawng kaw nna, kata lam n-gun jat wa ai lam law law nga ai: $\\text grup yin{1}$ Electrolyte hta byin pru wa ai oxidation reaction gaw, electrode a ntsa na sumla hkrung hpe ninghkap ai lam law wa ai, anode SEI sumla hkrung a n-gun n-gun n-nga ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai, dai yawng gaw, shingjawng ai aten laman, ntsa na sumla hkrung nnan ni hpe matut manoi galaw ai, etc., yawng gaw, garan ginhka ai lam hte battery hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam hpe jat wa shangun ai; $\\text grup yin{2}$ Cathode kata na magri ions ni hpe electrolyte kata de garan bang nna, hka lim ai ionized metal ions ni gaw, anode hku nna anode de htawt sit nna, anode ntsa kaw na anode ntsa kaw na nlung (sh) sau hku nna n-gun dat dat ai majaw, electrode polarization grau law wa ai. Dai hta n-ga, sawk sagawn ai lam ni gaw, ya na mahkawng da ai wa a n-gun n-gun gaw, kata lam hpe ninghkap ai lam law wa shangun lu ai hpe mung sakse madun nga ai, raitim, ndai akyu gaw, ya na mahkawng da ai wa a shawng nnan tsi lajang ai lam a npawt nhpang npu hta, loi mi sha rai nga ai. Kata na ninghkap ai lam law wa ai gaw, n-gun atsam hte atsam yawm wa shangun ai, grau nna anode a matu, electrode/electrolyte interface kaw byin pru wa ai reaction gaw anode kaba wa ai lam a madung lam rai nga ai.
