Car Lithium battery ni Mungkan ting hta nga ai
Car lithium battery galaw ai lam gaw, mungdan law law hta byin ai rai nna, laksan shara ni hta cell ni, module ni, wan jak mawdaw ni a matu battery pack ni hpe hkum tsup hkra shapraw ai. Miwa gaw mungkan ting na mawdaw lithium battery galaw ai atsam hta 75% daram hpe uphkang nga ai, dai hpang Dingda Korea, Japan, Europe hte North America mungdan ni hta lawan ladan jat wa ai bungli ni hpe galaw nga ai. Madung galaw shapraw ai shara ni hta Asia (Miwa, Dingda Korea, Japan), Europe (Germany, Poland, Hungary), hte Dingdung Amerika (Dingda mungdan ni, Canada) ni lawm ai. Ndai hpaga lam gaw 2024 ning hta 894.4 gigawatt a 894.4 gigawatt hpe shapraw ya ai, mungkan ting hta wan jak mawdaw wan 17 jan hpe madi shadaw ya ai.
Mungkan ting na Car Lithium Battery galaw ai shara ni hta
Mungkan ting na mawdaw lithium battery hpaga lam gaw, mawdaw hpaga lam ngang kang ai hte asuya madi shadaw ai ginra ni hta nga ai laksan galaw shapraw ai shara ni a network hku nna bungli galaw nga ai. Miwa gaw CATL hte BYD zawn re ai company ni hte mungkan ting na 55% daram hpe hpawng de nna galaw shapraw ai company ni hte garan gachyan ai lam kaba dik htum hpe matut manoi galaw nga ai. Ndai galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, Ningde, Shanghai, hte Chongqing zawn re ai mare kaba ni hta, n-gun kaba ai shara ni hpe galaw nga ai, dai shara ni hta, garan gachyan ai lam ni hpe lawan ladan scaling galaw lu ai.
Dingda Korea hte Japan mungdan ni gaw LG Energy hpaji jaw ai lam, SK On, Samsung SDI, Panasonic ni lawm ai company ni hku nna mungkan ting na battery 28% daram hpe garum ya nga ai. Korea mungdan na galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, maigan mungdan ni a shara ni hpe gawgap ai hta grau nna n-gun ja ai, Miwa mungdan a 30 GWh hte Japan mungdan a 60 GWh hte shingdaw yang, mungkan ting galaw shapraw ai atsam 400 daram nga ai.
Europe mungdan gaw 2030 ning du hkra 262 GWh atsam hpe myit mada da ai. Poland mungdan hta LG a Wrocław shara hpe hkap tau la ai, ya aten hta Europe mungdan hta 70 GWh bungli galaw lu ai atsam kaba dik htum rai nna, 115 GWh de jat wa na masing ni nga ai. Hungary mungdan gaw CATL (hkan gap ai) kaw na arung arai ni hte ahkyak ai shara langai mi de rawt jat wa nga ai, SK On, hte Samsung gaw myit mada da ai 210 GWh hpe shaning shi ning htum wa de garum ya nga ai.
North American galaw shapraw ai lam gaw Inflation Reduction Act a n-gun jaw ai lam ni a majaw lawan ai hku jat wa ai lam hpe hkam sha nga ai. 2021 ning hta 44 GWh kaw nna 2025 ning hta 91 GWh de jat wa ai, 5 ning laman hpun nnan 13 hpe 13 lang galaw na matu hkyen lajang da ai. Madung shara ni hta Tesla a Nevada Gigafactory (Panasonic hte rau bungli galaw ai), Ford a Michigan complex (CATL hpaji masa hpe jai lang ai), hte Kentucky hte Tennessee mungdaw na LG Energy Solution hte rau GM a jawm galaw ai lam ni lawm ai.
Laktery galaw ai arung arai kaba ni hte shanhte a Mungkan ting na lagaw lahkam
CATL (Contex Technology Co. Limited) gaw mungkan ting hta battery galaw shapraw ai jak rung 13 hpe galaw nna, 2024 ning hta 339.3 GWh hte wan jak mawdaw ni hta jung da ai hte kaba dik htum ai wa hku nna shi a shara hpe matut manoi tawn da ai. Dai company gaw Tesla, Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes{4}}Benz, Ford ni lawm ai mawdaw kaba shagu hpe jaw ya ai. CATL a galaw shapraw ai ladat gaw, vertical hku hpawng de ai lam hpe ahkyak shatai nna, Qinghai mungdaw hta lithium hpe shaw la ai kaw nna, cathode a arung arai galaw shapraw ai lam hte hpang jahtum na cell hpawng ni de jat wa ai. Ndai company a mungkan ting jat wa ai lam hta Germany mungdan hta bungli galaw ai shara ni (2023 ning kaw nna), Hungary mungdan na wa (2025 ning hta myit mada da ai), Spain hte Indonesia mungdan ni hta hpawng de ai bungli ni hta $5 billion manu dan ai ni lawm ai.
BYD gaw 2024 ning hta 153.8 GWh hte lahkawng ngu na shara kaw nga ai, 38.5% shaning jat wa ai- shaning rawt jat wa ai. CATL hte n bung ai sha, BYD gaw madung hku nna shi a mawdaw galaw shapraw ai lam hpe jaw ya ai raitim, 2021 ning kaw nna shinggan na customers ni hpe jat wa ai, Toyota, FAW Group, BAIC ni hte ga sadi tawn da ai. Company a Blade Battery hpaji masa gaw, lithium iron phosphate chemistry hpe madung tawn nna, 50% grau kaja ai shara hpe jai lang lu ai, dai gaw, shimlam masa ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai sha n-ga, htunghking LFP battery ni hpe jai lang ai.
LG N-gun 121.4 GWh gaw mungkan ting hta 121.4 GWh hpe jaw ya ai, Tesla, Hyundai, General Motor, Ford, Volkswagen ni hpe daw jau ai. Dingda Korea galaw ai company gaw, Poland mungdan, Wrocław mare na mungkan hta kaba dik htum ai single plant hpe galaw nga ai rai nna, htawm hpang de shaning law law du hkra, $217 billion order backlog hpe gram lajang nga ai. Kade nna ai aten hta jat wa ai lam ni hta Michigan (GM hte) hte North American shara ni hpe jat nna galaw na matu, rawt jat wa nga ai US gat lawk hpe daw jau na matu.
Panasonic gaw Tesla a bungli ni hte sung sung matut mahkai ai lam hpe matut manoi galaw nga ai, grau nna cylindrical cell format ni a matu. Nevada a Gigafactory kaw na kanawn mazum lam gaw, Tesla Semi mawdaw ni a matu Model 3/Y hte 4680 cell nnan ni a matu cell 2170 lahkawng yan hpe shapraw ya ai. 2024 ning hta 35 GWh de 35 GWh de hkrat sum mat ai raitim, Panasonic gaw 4680 galaw shapraw ai lam hpe jat wa ai hku nna, gat lawk hpe bai lu la na hpe myit mada nga ai, dai gaw n-gun atsam grau law ai hte galaw shapraw ai manu hpe shayawm ya lu ai.
Supply Chain Architecture hte Ginwang laksan masat masa galaw ai lam
Battery galaw ai lam hta, n-gun ja ai, ginra masa hku garan ginhka ai supply chain hpe ra ai, dai gaw raw material hpe shaw la ai kaw nna hpang nna, law law lang gram lajang ai aten ni hku nna rawt jat wa ai. Miwa mung gaw cathode a active material galaw shapraw ai hta na 90% daram hte mungkan ting hta anode arung arai ni hpe 97% daram uphkang nga ai. Korea gaw cathode atsam hta 9% hpe hkam la ai, Japan gaw 3% rai nna, ndai mungdan masum gaw ya aten na mungkan ting na garan gachyan ai lam ni hta madung hku nna galai shai n mai byin ai.
Battery chemistries amyu myu hpe n bung ai hku garan jaw ai lam ni hpe ra sharawng ai. Miwa gaw 100% daram lithium iron phosphate (LFP) galaw shapraw lu ai atsam hte nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) atsam hta 75% jan hpe hkap tau la ai. Ndai uphkang ai lam gaw, Miwa ni a shara ni gaw, lithium carbonate, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate hpe battery-grade tsi ni de galaw ai, shawng nnan na arung arai ni de jat wa ai. Ndai myit maju jung ai lam gaw, sinpraw mungdan ni a asuya ni gaw, amyu myu hpe garan ginhka ai lam ni hku nna, atsam rawng ai hku hparan nga ai, akyu rawng ai lam ni hte garan gachyan ai lam lahkawng yan hpe shabyin ya nga ai.
Indonesia gaw, nickel supply chain hta ahkyak ai node langai hku nna pru wa sai rai nna, mungkan hta htu shaw ai nickel reserves daw mi lawm ai. Ndai mungdan a shawng ningnan na EV battery galaw shapraw ai rung gaw 2024 ning kaw nna bungli galaw hpang wa ai rai nna, CATL a $5 billion bang ai gumhpraw gaw graphite anodes hte cathode arung arai ni a matu buga ginra na daw ni hpe galaw shapraw ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai. Morocco gaw mungkan hta kaba dik htum ai phosphate reserves ni hte bung ai atsam ni hpe madun dan ai, LFP battery ni a matu ra kadawn ai lam ni, EU hte Amerikan mungdan lahkawng yan hte rau gawgap da ai mawdaw galaw shapraw ai lam hte lawt lu ai sut masa ga sadi ni hpe hpaw da ai. Battery a matu jai lang ai gumhpraw $15 billion jan hpe 2022 ning hta dai shara kaw ndau shabra ai.
Australia gaw hka ntsa na lithium hpe galaw shapraw ai lam hpe uphkang nga ai, dai gaw mungkan ting na lithium hpe daw mi daram jaw ya ai, n-gun ja ai-rock lung seng htu ai lam ni kaw na shinggyim hkum hkrang hpe n-gun jaw ai. Talison Lithium bungli galaw ai Greenbushes lung seng htu ai shara gaw, 2024-2025 ning na gumhpraw shaning hta, n-gun n-gun ton 798,000 hpe shapraw lu sai. Chile mungdan na bungli galaw ai lam gaw, brine deposit kaw na lithium hpe shaw la nna, 2024 ning hta metric ton 49,000 du hkra galaw shapraw ai.Mungdan gaw reserves ni hta ton wan 9 daram nga ai, mungkan hta kaba dik htum ai, raitim, shaw la ai lam gaw mai byin ai atsam npu hta naw nga ai.
Car Lithium Battery Chemistry hpe galai shai shangun ai hte galaw shapraw ai lam
Ndai hpaga lam gaw lithium iron phosphate chemistry de grai galai shai wa sai, ya aten hta mungkan ting na EV battery n-gun 40% jan nga ai, 2020 ning na garan gachyan ai lam hta lahkawng lang jan law nga ai. Ndai galai shai ai lam gaw Miwa mung hta madung tawn ai, dai shara hta 2023 ning hta EV dut shabra ai hta masum lang ngu na lahkawng gaw LFP battery ni hpe lang ai. Chemistry a madung akyu gaw manu jahpu-}LFP galaw shapraw ai lam gaw NMC ladat ni hta 20% daram manu n hkrat ai sha, grau kaja ai nbung n-gun hte grau galu ai shingjawng ai lam ni hpe jaw ya ai. Hpaga galaw ai manu gaw 2024 ning September shata du hkra kilowatt-hour langai hta $55{10}}60 de hkrat sum mat sai.
Tesla hpe hkap la ai lam gaw Miwa mung hta lai nna chemistry rawt jat wa ai hpe madun dan nga ai. Company gaw 2022 ning hta LFP battery ni hpe 30% hta lang nna, 2021 ning hta 20% kaw nna rawt jat wa ai, shi a mungkan mawdaw ni hta na daw mi daram gaw ya ndai hpaji masa hpe jai lang nga ai. Tesla a LFP lang ai lam yawng ngu na daram gaw Shanghai-manufacturered mawdaw ni hta byin ai, raitim, company gaw Nevada mare hta mungdan kata na LFP galaw shapraw ai lam hpe CATL kaw na arung arai ni hpe jai lang nna Inflation reduction Act ra ai lam ni hpe hkan sa ai.
NMC battery ni gaw, manu grau tsaw ai raitim, European hte North American gat lawk ni hta, grau kaja ai n-gun atsam ra kadawn ai lam ni a majaw, grau kaja ai mawdaw ni hte galu kaba ai shara ni a majaw, grau nna uphkang nga ai. Dai chemistry gaw nickel, cobalt, hte manganese ni hpe n bung ai ratio ni hta ra ai, ya na zawn byin ai lam ni gaw cobalt hpe kam hpa ai lam hpe shayawm na matu hte n-gun atsam hpe jat wa na matu nickel content (NMC 811) hpe grau law hkra ra sharawng ai. 10-15% na n-gun atsam hpe gram lajang ai lam ni gaw, ra ai jat bang ai ladat hpe hkang zing ai lam hpe tara shang shatai ya ai.
Sodium-ion hpaji masa gaw, rawt jat wa nga ai kaga ladat langai hpe madi shadaw ya ai, mungkan ting hta, madung hku nna Miwa mungdan hta, galaw shapraw ai rung 30 daram bungli galaw nga ai (sh) gawgap nga ai, yawng hpe GWh atsam yawng 100 jan nga ai. CATL a sodium{4}}ion battery ni gaw LFP hte maren sha re ai hta 30% daram manu n law ai raitim, n-gun yawm ai (75{8}1}160 Whi/kg hte 120-260 Whi/kg a matu lithium{{1111}}ion hpe jaw ya ai. Ndai shara ni gaw, n-gun grau law ai EV ni hta grau nna, shang wa ai madang mare mawdaw ni hte n shamu n shamawt ai shara ni a matu, sodium-ion hpe shara jaw ai. BYD gaw Seagull hkrang hpe sodium-ion battery ni hpe lang nna 300 km 300 km hpe $11,600 hte ndau shabra ai, dai gaw ndai hpaji masa a hpaga lam a matu asak hkrung lam hpe madun dan ai.
Production atsam hte gat lawk ni
Mungkan ting na battery galaw lu ai atsam gaw 2024 ning hta 3 terawatt-hor ni de du wa nna, 2029 ning du hkra ndai jahpan hpe tup hkrak chye na wa yang, ndai jahpan hpe shayawm kau na masa nga ai. Raitim, teng sha galaw shapraw ai lam gaw, ra kadawn ai lam n bung ai lam ni hte galaw shapraw ai lam hta yak hkak ai lam ni a majaw, atsam hpe grai lags galaw ya ai. Mying shamying ai atsam hte tengman ai pru wa ai lam lapran na gap gaw, grai law ai hte n law htum ai lam ni gaw, ginra amyu myu hte chemistry amyu myu hta rau nga lu ai, yak hkak ai gat lawk a shamu shamawt lam ni hpe shabyin ya ai.
2024 ning hta kilowatt-hpe langai hta $100 npu de hkrat sum mat nna, wan jak mawdaw ni gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha, kata na wan hkru ai engine ni hte manu jahpu n-gun hpe lu la ai ahkyak ai npawt nhpang hpe lai di ai. Miwa mungdan hta manu ni gaw 2024 ning laman hta 30% daram hkrat sum mat nna, Europe hta 30% yawm nna, Dingdung Amerika hta 20% yawm mat ai. Ndai ginra manu n bung ai lam gaw bungli galaw masha ni a manu, wan n-gun, garan gachyan ai lam hpe hpaw shalawm ai lam, galaw shapraw ai lam ni hta shai hkat ai lam ni hpe madun dan ai.
2022 ning hta, 2022 ning hta, lithium manu ni 85% jan hkrat sum mat ai, raitim, 2015-2020 a manu gaw 50% daram sha naw rai nga ai. Cobalt, graphite, hte manganese manu ni gaw 2023 ning htum wa de shanhte a 5 ning na shadawn shadang npu de hkrat sum mat ai, 2022 hte 2023 lapran na 14% battery pack manu shayawm ai lam hpe hkrak sha garum ya ai. Manu n law ai raitim, EV hpe lawan ladan hkap la ai lam hpe lawan ladan galaw ya ai raitim, shanhte gaw lung seng htu ai company ni hte battery galaw ai ni a matu margins ni hpe mung shayawm ya ai majaw, hpaga lam hpe n-gun jaw ai.
Hpaga lam hpe jai lang ai lam gaw ginra hte chemistry hku nna grai shai hkat ai. Miwa mungdan na LFP battery ni hpe galaw ai ni gaw 85% daram n-gun dat jai lang ai lam hpe galaw ai, dai hpe mungdan kata na ra kadawn ai lam hte maigan de dut shabra ai gat lawk ni madi shadaw ai. NMC battery ni a matu European hte American ni a shara ni gaw 50-70% jai lang ai majaw, buga EV gat lawk ni gaw n-gun ja ai hku jat wa na hpe tau hkrau tsun da ai lam ni hpe n lu galaw ai majaw re. Ndai n bung ai lam gaw, galaw shapraw ai ni nkau mi hpe masing jahkrat da ai atsam jat ai lam ni hpe jahkring kau na matu (sh) jahkring kau na matu shadut ya ai, grau nna 2024 EV dut shabra ai lam gaw Germany hte France mungdan ni hta subsidy shayawm ai lapran hta n-gun jat ai lam ni hpe jahkring kau ai.
Hpaji masa hpe htawt sit ai lam hte hpaga lam galaw ai lam
Cross-}border hpaji masa hte rau jawm galaw ai lam ni gaw, mawdaw galaw ai ni gaw, mawdaw galaw ai ni gaw, gat lawk de shang lu na matu, battery hpe shim lum hkra tam ai majaw, madang masat da ai ladat langai byin wa sai. Ford a $3.5 billion Michigan battery plant gaw ndai hkrang hpe kasi madun dan ai, CATL hpaji masa hpe license npu hta jai lang nna, US mungdan kata na ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe hkan sa na matu madu hkum tsup ai hku matut manoi nga ai. Dai lajang da ai lam gaw, Ford hpe hkrak hkrak n lawm ai sha LFP cell ni hpe shapraw lu shangun ai, sakse hkam da ai galaw shapraw ai lam chye ai wa a galaw shapraw ai lam hpe chye lu ai shaloi mung masa myit tsang lam ni hpe hparan lu ai.
Tesla a ladat gaw- nta rawt jat lam hta, zai ladat hte seng ai garan gachyan ai lam ni hpe hpawng de da ai. Company gaw battery pack ni hpe hkrang shapraw nna, shi a cylindrical cells (4680 format) hpe grau grau shapraw wa ai, dai shaloi CATL hte BYD kaw na prismatic LFP cells, Panasonic hte LG kaw na cylindrical NMC cells ni hpe tam ai. Ndai multi{4}}}source ladat gaw chemistry hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, mungdan masa amyu myu hpe garan ginhka ai, shingjawng ai manu jahpu hpe jaw ya ai. Tesla a Nevada shara hpe jat wa ai hta, idle CATL jak ni hpe jai lang nna 10 GWh LFP galaw shapraw ai lam hpe mung lawm ai, hpaji hparat htawt sit ai lam gaw, hkrak hkrak galaw shapraw ai lam hta n-ga, jak rung dut ai lam hku nna gara hku byin pru wa ai hpe madun dan ai.
European company ni gaw Asian battery galaw ai ni hte rau jawm galaw ai lam ni hpe grau grau galaw wa ai majaw, mungdan kata na galaw shapraw ai lam hpe lawan ladan galaw lu ai. Automotive cells Company (ACC) gaw, Stellantis, Mercedes-Benz, hte TotalEnergies lapran na matut mahkai lam hpe, France, Germany, Italy mungdan ni hta battery n-gun hpe gawgap na matu yaw shada ai. Tesla ningbaw ningla dingsa ni hpaw ninghtan ai Northvolt gaw, 2030 ning du hkra 150 GWh atsam hpe gawgap na matu $15 billion jan hpe lu la ai. Ndai company gaw Europe mungdan hta shaning tsa lam hku mahkrum madup nga ai hte grau n-gun ja ai balance sheets ni hte hpaw ninghtan da ai Asian hpaga hpung ni hte shingjawng ai raitim, Europe mungdan hta grau nna myit mada shara nga ai shanglawt ai battery venture hpe madi shadaw ya ai.
Korean galaw ai ni gaw kaga hku bungli galaw ai, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai maigan mungdan ni a shara ni hpe gawgap ai. LG Energy Solution a Poland mungdan hte SK On ni a gumhpraw bang ai lam ni gaw, ginra gat lawk ni hpe daw jau ai shaloi, Korea mungdan hpe tup hkrak madu da ai lam hpe matut manoi galaw nga ai. Ndai ladat gaw hpaji masa hte galaw shapraw ai lam ni hpe grau nna hkang lu ai raitim, grau kaba ai sut masa ga sadi ni hpe ra sharawng nna, bungli galaw ai lam hta grau nna hkrit tsang hpa ni hpe hkap la ra ai.
Asuya masa hte zai ladat ni hpe myit yu ai lam ni
Asuya ni gaw mawdaw shingjawng ai lam hte n-gun atsam shimlam a matu hpaji masa a ahkyak ai lam hpe asuya ni chye na ai majaw, hpaga lam hte seng ai tara masa gaw madung tai wa sai. EV ni a matu, mungdan kata na lam ni hpe hkan sa ra ai EV ni a matu, jai lang ai ni a ahkun hkanse credit $7,500 du hkra jaw da ai, laksan hku nna, Dingdung Amerika hta battery a daw 50% hpe galaw shapraw nna, "myit tsang ai maigan mungdan ni" (madung Miwa company ni" kaw na arung arai ni hpe n lawm shangun ai. Ndai tara ni gaw 2022 ning kaw nna ndau da ai US battery bang ai lam hta $70 billion jan hpe shabyin ya sai.
Europe mungdan a ladat gaw, 2030 ning du hkra, European Battery Alliance hku nna, 500 GWh hpe madung tawn nna, ginra garan gachyan ai lam ni hpe gawgap na matu ahkyak shatai tsun da ai. Ndai masing hta, bungli masing law law hta mungdaw garum ningtum €6.1 billion lawm ai, Germany, France, Italy mungdan ni a ningbaw ningla sut masa lam ni hte rau, mungdaw garum ningtum €6.1 billion lawm ai. Raitim, Europe mungdan na galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, raw material hte logistics shai hkat ai lam ni hpe n sawn shi yang pyi, Miwa shingjawng ai ni hte shingdaw yang, 20% daram manu dan ai lam ni hpe hkrum sha nga ai. 2023 ning hta galaw ai EU a Carbon Border Adjust Mechanism gaw, nbung dat n-gun madang ni hpe hkan sa na matu battery ni hpe ra sharawng ai hku nna, n-gun ja ai lam ni hpe jat bang ai, nhprang wan n-gun-}heavy power grids kaw na imports ni hpe n-gun n jaw ai lam byin chye ai.
Miwa mungdan a battery hpe uphkang ai lam gaw, shaning 20 ning tup galaw ai hpaga lam masa kaw na pru wa ai re. Asuya garum ningtum, ra sharawng ai gumhpraw hkoi ai, maigan mawdaw galaw ai ni gaw mungdan kata na dut shabra ai lam a matu Miwa battery ni hpe jai lang ra ai mandate ni gaw, n bung ai sut masa lam ni hpe galaw shapraw ai ni hpe galaw shapraw ai ni hpe ahkang jaw ai nta kaba hpe hpaw ya ai. CATL langai sha gaw 2023 ning kaw nna kaga company ni hta grau nna Miwa mungdan na corporate subsidies ni hpe lu la ai, R&D cycle ni hpe lawan ai hku gumhpraw jaw ai hte mungkan ting hta n-gun ja ai hku jat wa ai. 2024 ning September shata du hkra, ndai asuya madi shadaw ai lam gaw, hpaga lam hta grai law hkra jai lang tim matut manoi nga ai.
Geopolitical tensions ni gaw galaw shapraw ai lam ni hpe grau grau shabyin ya nga ai. US makawp maga dap gaw CATL hpe 2025 ning January shata hta “Miwa hpyen dap ni” a jahpan hta jat bang da nna, CATL arung arai ni hpe jai lang ai wuhpung wuhpawng ni hte makawp maga ga sadi ni hpe pat hkum da ai. US tara kasa ni gaw, Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act hte maren, CATL hpe kaga ni hpe maigan de htaw sa na matu tang shawn da ai, raitim, company gaw, shi a garan gachyan ai lam hta, atik anang bungli galaw masha ni hpe mara shagun ai lam yawng hpe ningdang kau ai. Ndai galaw ai lam ni gaw, Trump asuya gaw 150% du hkra lu na masa nga ai manu jahpu ni hte hpawn, Miwa mungdan na galaw shapraw ai ni hpe yaw shada ai gat lawk kata hta galaw shapraw ai shara ni hpe hpaw na matu shadut ai hta, n-gun rawng ai battery ni hpe maigan de dut shabra na matu shadut ai.
Hpaji masa hte galaw sa wa ai lam ni hpe hpaji ningnan ni hpe sharin ya ai
Battery cell galaw shapraw ai lam hta, atsawm sha hkang zing da ai makau grup yin ni hte, shaning law law na hkra galaw ra ai, hkrak tup ai lahkam law law lawm ai. Ndai ladat gaw, electrode arung arai ni hpe n-gun n rawng ai hku kayau nna, magri hka htung ni hta shinggrup nna ( anode a matu magri, cathodes a matu aluminum) hte, hkrak tup ai n-gun hte n-gun atsam hpe lu la na matu dip sha ai kaw nna hpang wa ai. Dai hpang, ndai electrode ni hpe garan nna, shinggrup da ai (sh) daw garan ai ni hte garan nna, cell case ni hta bang nna, electrolyte hte hpring ai, pat da ai, shawng nnan na electrochemical performance hpe gawgap ya ai formation cycles ni hpe hkam la ai.
CATL a cell-pack (CTP) hpe lang ai ladat gaw htunghking module layer hpe yeng seng kau ya nna, cell ni hpe battery pack ni hta hkrak sha tawn da ai. Ndai ladat gaw 15-20% hte volume hpe jai lang ai lam hpe jat ya ai, assembly lahkam ni hpe shayawm ai hku nna galaw shapraw ai atsam hpe lahkawng lang jat ya ai, component count hpe 40% shayawm ya ai. 140-150 Wh/kg kaw nna 200 Wh/kg kaw nna pack madang hta n-gun rawng ai lam gaw, mawdaw a n-gun jat wa ai (sh) maren mara galaw lu na matu battery size hpe shayawm ai de hkrak galai shai mat ai. Company a CTP 3.0 "Qilin" battery gaw Tesla a 4680 cell ni hta 13% grau law ai hpe lu la ai ngu tsun ai.
Tesla a 4680 cell format gaw kaga hpaji ningnan lam hpe madi madun ai, cylindrical cell hpe 21mm kaw nna 46mm du hkra jat nna 80mm de jat wa ai. Grau kaba ai hkrang gaw, kilowatt-h ahkying langai mi hta galaw shapraw ai manu hpe shayawm ya nna, assembly hpe asan sha galaw ya ai (p pack langai hta ra ai cell ni n law ai) hte katsi ai hpe garan kachyan ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai. Dai tabless electrode hkrang gaw kata na n-gun hpe shayawm ya nna, charge lawan ai hku charge galaw lu nna, n-gun grau law hkra shapraw lu ai. Tesla gaw 5x n-gun rawt jat lam, 6x power jat wa ai, hte 16% range rawt jat wa ai hte 2170 cells ni hpe jat wa ai ngu tsun ai, raitim ndai hkrang shapraw ai lam ni hpe galaw lu ai gaw yak hkak ai lam hpe sakse madun nga ai.
Tesla hte kaga ni galaw shapraw ai, htunghking galaw shapraw ai hta n-gun n-gun-}}} hpe yeng seng kau ai lam hpe yeng seng kau ya ai. Ya aten na wet coating hta, n-gun n-gun ni lawm ai electrode slurrries ni hpe bang ra ai (typically N{2}}Methyl-2-pyrrolidone), dai hpang dai hka htung ni hpe wan wut kaba ni hta n-gun rawng ai n-gun hte jak rung shara ni hpe sha ai wan n-ga kaba ni hta hka lim kau ra ai. Dry coating gaw powder arung arai ni hpe hkrak jai lang ai, gumhpraw manu hpe 10-20% shayawm ya lu nna, n-gun lang ai lam hpe 30% du hkra shayawm ya lu ai. Raitim, shingdaw mai ai electrode quality hte galaw shapraw ai lam ni hpe lu la na matu gaw yak hkak nga ai, hpaga lam hta jai lang ai lam hpe pat shingdang da ai.
Quality hpe hkang ai lam gaw, galaw shapraw ai ni lawan ai hku kaba wa ai hte maren, n-gun rawng ai mayak mahkak ni hpe shabyin ya nga ai. Electrode a n-gun, particle garan ginhka ai lam, shing nrai electrolyte hpe hpring hkra galaw ai lam hta kaji kajaw shai hkat ai lam ni pyi, batch langai a kata na n bung ai bungli galaw ai atsam ni lawm ai cell ni hpe shabyin ya lu ai. Battery pack ni hta wan hku law ai charge cycle ni hta maren sha galaw ra ai cell latsa daram lawm ai majaw, galaw shapraw ai ni gaw X{2}ray hpe jep joi ai lam, wan n-gun hte galaw ai lam hpe jep joi ai lam, hte grau grau nna, AI{3}} n-gun n rawng ai lam hpe sawk sagawn ai lam ni lawm ai chyam dinglik ladat kaba ni hpe galaw sa wa ai. Korean galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, ra ai atsam rawt jat lam hta grau nna quality hpe ahkyak shatai nna, manu grau law ai raitim, premium supplier ni hku nna shanhte hkum shanhte shara jahkrat ma ai.
